Chronic lymphocytic leukemia diagnostic study of choice

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Shyam Patel [2]

Overview

The diagnostic study of choice in chronic lymphocytic leukemia is according to the International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (iwCLL) guidelines which involves complete blood count (CBC) with differential and peripheral smear flow cytometry.

Diagnostic study of choice

The diagnostic study of choice in chronic lymphocytic leukemia is peripheral blood flow cytometry. If peripheral blood flow cytometry shows greater than 5000 clonal B cell per microliter, the diagnosis is confirmed. Ancillary tests include bone marrow biopsy and peripheral blood cytogenetics or FISH studies.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is diagnosed according to the International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (iwCLL) guidelines:

• Complete blood count (CBC) with differential: Absolute lymphocytosis ≥5000 B-lymphocytes/µL X ≥ 3 months
• Flow cytometry: B lymphocytes clonality (Immunoglobulin light chain restriction)

Presence of clonal B-lymphocutosis <5000/µL without cytpenia, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy or other disease-related symptoms can be defined as monoclonal B lymphocytosis (MBL). MBL will progress to CLL at a rate of 1% to 2% per year.