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| == Diagnostic Study of Choice == | | == Diagnostic Study of Choice == |
| | | *Craniopharyngiomas have the most heterogeneous radiologic appearance of any suprasellar neoplasm. |
| | *Craniopharyngioma can offer a challenge in arriving at the correct diagnosis. In particular, the radiologic characteristics of Rathke cleft cyst can overlap that of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma. |
| | * |
| === Study of choice === | | === Study of choice === |
| [Name of the investigation] is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of [disease name].
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| OR
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| The following result of [gold standard test] is confirmatory of [disease name]:
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| * [Result 1]
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| * [Result 2]
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| OR
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| [Name of the investigation] must be performed when:
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| * The patient presents with [symptom/sign 1], [symptom/sign 2], and [symptom/sign 3].
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| * A [name of test] is positive for [sign 1], [sign 2], and [sign 3] in the patient.
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| OR
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| [Name of the investigation] is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of [disease name].
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| OR
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| The diagnostic study of choice for [disease name] is [name of the investigation].
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| OR
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| There is no single diagnostic study of choice for the diagnosis of [disease name].
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| OR
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| There is no single diagnostic study of choice for the diagnosis of [disease name], but [disease name] can be diagnosed based on [name of the investigation 1] and [name of the investigation 2].
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| OR
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| [Disease name] is primarily diagnosed based on the clinical presentation.
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| OR
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| Investigations:
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| * Among the patients who present with clinical signs of [disease name], the [investigation name] is the most specific test for the diagnosis.
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| * Among the patients who present with clinical signs of [disease name], the [investigation name] is the most sensitive test for diagnosis.
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| * Among the patients who present with clinical signs of [disease name], the [investigation name] is the most efficient test for diagnosis.
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| ==== The comparison of various diagnostic studies for [disease name] ====
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| {|
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| |- style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;"
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| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" | Test
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| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Sensitivity
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| ! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Specificity
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| |-
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| ! style="background: #696969; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Test 1
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| | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |...%
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| | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |...%
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| |-
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| ! style="background: #696969; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Test 2
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| | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |...%
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| | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |...%
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| |}
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| <small> [Name of test with higher sensitivity and specificity] is the preferred investigation based on the sensitivity and specificity</small>
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| ===== Diagnostic results =====
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| The following finding(s) on performing [investigation name] is(are) confirmatory for [disease name]:
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| * [Finding 1]
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| * [Finding 2]
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| ===== Sequence of Diagnostic Studies =====
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| The [name of investigation] must be performed when:
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| * The patient presented with symptoms/signs 1, 2, and 3 as the first step of diagnosis.
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| * A positive [test] is detected in the patient, to confirm the diagnosis.
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| OR
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| The various investigations must be performed in the following order:
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| * [Initial investigation]
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| * [2nd investigation]
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| === Name of Diagnostic Criteria ===
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| '''It is recommended that you include the criteria in a table. Make sure you always cite the source of the content and whether the table has been adapted from another source.'''
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| [Disease name] is primarily diagnosed based on clinical presentation. There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of [disease name].
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| OR
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| There is no single diagnostic study of choice for [disease name], though [disease name] may be diagnosed based on [name of criteria] established by [...].
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| OR
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| The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met: [criterion 1], [criterion 2], [criterion 3], and [criterion 4].
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| OR
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| The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [criteria name] criteria, which includes [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
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| OR
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| [Disease name] may be diagnosed at any time if one or more of the following criteria are met:
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| * Criteria 1
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| * Criteria 2
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| * Criteria 3
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| OR
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| '''IF there are clear, established diagnostic criteria'''
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| The diagnosis of [disease name] is made when at least [number] of the following [number] diagnostic criteria are met: [criterion 1], [criterion 2], [criterion 3], and [criterion 4].
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| OR
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| The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [criteria name] criteria, which include [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
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| OR
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| The diagnosis of [disease name] is based on the [definition name] definition, which includes [criterion 1], [criterion 2], and [criterion 3].
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| OR
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| '''IF there are no established diagnostic criteria'''
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| There are no established criteria for the diagnosis of [disease name].
| | *Pre and post contrast enhanced MR imaging with attention to the sellar region is the modality of choice when evaluating craniopharyngioma. |
| | *The superior contrast resolution and tissue characterization, as well as the multiplanar capability of this technique, make it the radiologist’s most indispensable tool. |
| | *High-resolution, thin-section, T1-weighted imaging of the sellar region in the sagittal and coronal planes is mandatory, and should be obtained both pre- and post-contrast administration. |
| | *Dynamic enhanced imaging of the sellar region can be performed if diagnostic considerations include pituitary microadenoma or the rare parasellar cavernous hemangioma. |
| | *CT is also sensitive in the detection of fat density, which is valuable in the suprasellar region when the differential include Rathke cleft cyst. |
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
The diagnostic evaluation of craniopharyngioma includes high-definition brain imaging. Brain MRI with and without contrast is the gold standard. Computed tomography (CT) scan is optional and may show some calcifications that can be seen in these tumors. However CT is not specific enough as a standalone diagnostic test. vascular imaging studies such as MR angiography (MRA) or CTA, is decided on a case-by-case basis typically for surgical planning or if a possible vascular malformation is spuspected.
Diagnostic Study of Choice
- Craniopharyngiomas have the most heterogeneous radiologic appearance of any suprasellar neoplasm.
- Craniopharyngioma can offer a challenge in arriving at the correct diagnosis. In particular, the radiologic characteristics of Rathke cleft cyst can overlap that of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma.
Study of choice
- Pre and post contrast enhanced MR imaging with attention to the sellar region is the modality of choice when evaluating craniopharyngioma.
- The superior contrast resolution and tissue characterization, as well as the multiplanar capability of this technique, make it the radiologist’s most indispensable tool.
- High-resolution, thin-section, T1-weighted imaging of the sellar region in the sagittal and coronal planes is mandatory, and should be obtained both pre- and post-contrast administration.
- Dynamic enhanced imaging of the sellar region can be performed if diagnostic considerations include pituitary microadenoma or the rare parasellar cavernous hemangioma.
- CT is also sensitive in the detection of fat density, which is valuable in the suprasellar region when the differential include Rathke cleft cyst.
References
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