Basal cell carcinoma epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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===Developed and Developing Countries=== | ===Developed and Developing Countries=== | ||
*States closer to the equator, such as Hawaii and California, have a higher incidence of BCC compared to midwestern states<ref name="pmid2312827">{{cite journal| author=Chuang TY, Popescu A, Su WP, Chute CG| title=Basal cell carcinoma. A population-based incidence study in Rochester, Minnesota. | journal=J Am Acad Dermatol | year= 1990 | volume= 22 | issue= 3 | pages= 413-7 | pmid=2312827 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2312827 }} </ref><ref name="pmid8335736">{{cite journal| author=Reizner GT, Chuang TY, Elpern DJ, Stone JL, Farmer ER| title=Basal cell carcinoma in Kauai, Hawaii: the highest documented incidence in the United States. | journal=J Am Acad Dermatol | year= 1993 | volume= 29 | issue= 2 Pt 1 | pages= 184-9 | pmid=8335736 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8335736 }} </ref> | *States closer to the equator, such as Hawaii and California, have a higher [[incidence]] of BCC compared to midwestern states<ref name="pmid2312827">{{cite journal| author=Chuang TY, Popescu A, Su WP, Chute CG| title=Basal cell carcinoma. A population-based incidence study in Rochester, Minnesota. | journal=J Am Acad Dermatol | year= 1990 | volume= 22 | issue= 3 | pages= 413-7 | pmid=2312827 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2312827 }} </ref><ref name="pmid8335736">{{cite journal| author=Reizner GT, Chuang TY, Elpern DJ, Stone JL, Farmer ER| title=Basal cell carcinoma in Kauai, Hawaii: the highest documented incidence in the United States. | journal=J Am Acad Dermatol | year= 1993 | volume= 29 | issue= 2 Pt 1 | pages= 184-9 | pmid=8335736 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8335736 }} </ref> | ||
*An increasing incidence over time has also been noted in other countries, such as Canada, Finland, and Australia<ref name="pmid10411152">{{cite journal| author=Hannuksela-Svahn A, Pukkala E, Karvonen J| title=Basal cell skin carcinoma and other nonmelanoma skin cancers in Finland from 1956 through 1995. | journal=Arch Dermatol | year= 1999 | volume= 135 | issue= 7 | pages= 781-6 | pmid=10411152 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10411152 }} </ref><ref name="pmid8436431">{{cite journal| author=Marks R, Staples M, Giles GG| title=Trends in non-melanocytic skin cancer treated in Australia: the second national survey. | journal=Int J Cancer | year= 1993 | volume= 53 | issue= 4 | pages= 585-90 | pmid=8436431 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8436431 }} </ref><ref name="pmid16021129">{{cite journal| author=Demers AA, Nugent Z, Mihalcioiu C, Wiseman MC, Kliewer EV| title=Trends of nonmelanoma skin cancer from 1960 through 2000 in a Canadian population. | journal=J Am Acad Dermatol | year= 2005 | volume= 53 | issue= 2 | pages= 320-8 | pmid=16021129 | doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2005.03.043 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16021129 }} </ref> | *An increasing [[incidence]] over time has also been noted in other countries, such as Canada, Finland, and Australia<ref name="pmid10411152">{{cite journal| author=Hannuksela-Svahn A, Pukkala E, Karvonen J| title=Basal cell skin carcinoma and other nonmelanoma skin cancers in Finland from 1956 through 1995. | journal=Arch Dermatol | year= 1999 | volume= 135 | issue= 7 | pages= 781-6 | pmid=10411152 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10411152 }} </ref><ref name="pmid8436431">{{cite journal| author=Marks R, Staples M, Giles GG| title=Trends in non-melanocytic skin cancer treated in Australia: the second national survey. | journal=Int J Cancer | year= 1993 | volume= 53 | issue= 4 | pages= 585-90 | pmid=8436431 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8436431 }} </ref><ref name="pmid16021129">{{cite journal| author=Demers AA, Nugent Z, Mihalcioiu C, Wiseman MC, Kliewer EV| title=Trends of nonmelanoma skin cancer from 1960 through 2000 in a Canadian population. | journal=J Am Acad Dermatol | year= 2005 | volume= 53 | issue= 2 | pages= 320-8 | pmid=16021129 | doi=10.1016/j.jaad.2005.03.043 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16021129 }} </ref> | ||
*Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer among the Far-east Asian race<ref name="pmid20465642">{{cite journal| author=Yap FB| title=Clinical characteristics of basal cell carcinoma in a tertiary hospital in Sarawak, Malaysia. | journal=Int J Dermatol | year= 2010 | volume= 49 | issue= 2 | pages= 176-9 | pmid=20465642 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-4632.2009.04342.x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20465642 }} </ref> | *Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common [[skin cancer]] among the Far-east Asian race<ref name="pmid20465642">{{cite journal| author=Yap FB| title=Clinical characteristics of basal cell carcinoma in a tertiary hospital in Sarawak, Malaysia. | journal=Int J Dermatol | year= 2010 | volume= 49 | issue= 2 | pages= 176-9 | pmid=20465642 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-4632.2009.04342.x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20465642 }} </ref> | ||
*Majority of Far-east Asian race are Chinese (44.2%), Malays (32.6%), Bidayuhs (14.0%), and Ibans (6.9%)<ref name="pmid20465642">{{cite journal| author=Yap FB| title=Clinical characteristics of basal cell carcinoma in a tertiary hospital in Sarawak, Malaysia. | journal=Int J Dermatol | year= 2010 | volume= 49 | issue= 2 | pages= 176-9 | pmid=20465642 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-4632.2009.04342.x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20465642 }} </ref> | *Majority of Far-east Asian race are Chinese (44.2%), Malays (32.6%), Bidayuhs (14.0%), and Ibans (6.9%)<ref name="pmid20465642">{{cite journal| author=Yap FB| title=Clinical characteristics of basal cell carcinoma in a tertiary hospital in Sarawak, Malaysia. | journal=Int J Dermatol | year= 2010 | volume= 49 | issue= 2 | pages= 176-9 | pmid=20465642 | doi=10.1111/j.1365-4632.2009.04342.x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20465642 }} </ref> | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saarah T. Alkhairy, M.D.
Overview
The annual incidence of basal cell carcinoma in the United States is approximately 800-1000 cases per 100,000 individuals. The incidence increases with age and is higher among men. BCC is most common in the Caucasian race.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
Age
- The incidence of BCC increases with age.[2]
- The incidence rate doubles from 40 to 70 years of age.
- The incidence rate for those aged below 40 years is also increasing.
Gender
- Although both are affected, the incidence in males>females.[3]
- This can be explained by gender differences in sun exposure habits and awareness of skin conditions.
- Men are also less likely to seek medical attention, allowing the more advanced development of skin cancer in comparison with women.
Race
- Although it is observed in all races, dark skinned people are less commonly affected than fair skinned ones.
- Whites of celtic ancestry have the highest risk for basal cell cancer.
- Incidence is low in blacks, Asians, and Hispanics
Developed and Developing Countries
- States closer to the equator, such as Hawaii and California, have a higher incidence of BCC compared to midwestern states[4][5]
- An increasing incidence over time has also been noted in other countries, such as Canada, Finland, and Australia[6][7][8]
- Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer among the Far-east Asian race[9]
- Majority of Far-east Asian race are Chinese (44.2%), Malays (32.6%), Bidayuhs (14.0%), and Ibans (6.9%)[9]
References
- ↑ Mohan SV, Chang AL (2014). "Advanced Basal Cell Carcinoma: Epidemiology and Therapeutic Innovations". Curr Dermatol Rep. 3: 40–45. doi:10.1007/s13671-014-0069-y. PMC 3931971. PMID 24587976.
- ↑ Cameron, Michael C.; Lee, Erica; Hibler, Brian P.; Barker, Christopher A.; Mori, Shoko; Cordova, Miguel; Nehal, Kishwer S.; Rossi, Anthony M. (2019). "Basal cell carcinoma". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 80 (2): 303–317. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2018.03.060. ISSN 0190-9622.
- ↑ Lomas, A.; Leonardi-Bee, J.; Bath-Hextall, F. (2012). "A systematic review of worldwide incidence of nonmelanoma skin cancer". British Journal of Dermatology. 166 (5): 1069–1080. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.10830.x. ISSN 0007-0963.
- ↑ Chuang TY, Popescu A, Su WP, Chute CG (1990). "Basal cell carcinoma. A population-based incidence study in Rochester, Minnesota". J Am Acad Dermatol. 22 (3): 413–7. PMID 2312827.
- ↑ Reizner GT, Chuang TY, Elpern DJ, Stone JL, Farmer ER (1993). "Basal cell carcinoma in Kauai, Hawaii: the highest documented incidence in the United States". J Am Acad Dermatol. 29 (2 Pt 1): 184–9. PMID 8335736.
- ↑ Hannuksela-Svahn A, Pukkala E, Karvonen J (1999). "Basal cell skin carcinoma and other nonmelanoma skin cancers in Finland from 1956 through 1995". Arch Dermatol. 135 (7): 781–6. PMID 10411152.
- ↑ Marks R, Staples M, Giles GG (1993). "Trends in non-melanocytic skin cancer treated in Australia: the second national survey". Int J Cancer. 53 (4): 585–90. PMID 8436431.
- ↑ Demers AA, Nugent Z, Mihalcioiu C, Wiseman MC, Kliewer EV (2005). "Trends of nonmelanoma skin cancer from 1960 through 2000 in a Canadian population". J Am Acad Dermatol. 53 (2): 320–8. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2005.03.043. PMID 16021129.
- ↑ 9.0 9.1 Yap FB (2010). "Clinical characteristics of basal cell carcinoma in a tertiary hospital in Sarawak, Malaysia". Int J Dermatol. 49 (2): 176–9. doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2009.04342.x. PMID 20465642.