Neurofibroma classification: Difference between revisions
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* Most common type | * Most common type | ||
* Circumscribed but not encapsulated | * Circumscribed but not [[Encapsulated organisms|encapsulated]] | ||
* Permeative growth in nerve quickly proceeds to diffuse infiltration of surrounding soft tissue | * Permeative growth in nerve quickly proceeds to diffuse infiltration of surrounding soft tissue | ||
* Occurs as lumps or bumps on skin | * Occurs as lumps or bumps on skin | ||
* Painless | * Painless | ||
* Slowly growing | * Slowly growing | ||
* Often in dermis and | * Often in [[dermis]] and [[subcutaneous]] | ||
* ≤2-5 cm in diameter | * ≤2-5 cm in diameter | ||
* Arise from small cutaneous nerves | * Arise from [[Cutaneous nerve|small cutaneous nerves]] | ||
* Overrun axons may be identified within | * Overrun [[axons]] may be identified within | ||
* May contain fat | * May contain fat | ||
* Starts in teenage years or young adults and rarely starts in childhood | * Starts in teenage years or young adults and rarely starts in childhood | ||
* Increases in size and number over the years | * Increases in size and number over the years | ||
* Clearly defined borders hence, can be removed if necessary | * Clearly defined borders hence, can be removed if necessary | ||
* Number of skin tumors in each patient varies tremendously | * Number of skin tumors in each patient varies tremendously | ||
* Mostly solitary and sporadic, not associated with NF1 | * Mostly solitary and sporadic, not associated with [[NF1]] | ||
* Malignant transformation very rare | * [[Malignant]] transformation very rare | ||
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|style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" + |'''Localized Intraneural neurofibroma''' | | style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" + |'''Localized Intraneural neurofibroma''' | ||
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* Second-most common type | * Second-most common type | ||
* Segmental, fusiform nerve enlargement | * Segmental, fusiform nerve enlargement | ||
* Residual axons traverse through lesion | * Residual [[axons]] traverse through lesion | ||
** Neurofilament immunohistochemistry and Bielshowsky stain show axons within center of lesion | ** Neurofilament [[immunohistochemistry]] and Bielshowsky stain show axons within center of lesion | ||
* Often contains coarse, refractile collagen | * Often contains coarse, refractile [[collagen]] | ||
* Malignant change infrequent | * [[Malignant]] change infrequent | ||
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| style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" + |[[Subcutaneous|'''Subcutaneous''']] '''neurofibroma''' | | style="background:#DCDCDC;" align="center" + |[[Subcutaneous|'''Subcutaneous''']] '''neurofibroma''' | ||
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'''(superficial)''' | '''(superficial)''' | ||
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* Superficial | * [[Superficial]] | ||
* Uncommon | * Uncommon | ||
* Feels soft and squishy | * Feels soft and squishy | ||
* Most common in head (scalp) and neck region or trunk (often protruding out, like a “love handle”) | * Most common in head (scalp) and neck region or trunk (often protruding out, like a “love handle”) | ||
* Ill defined margins, can't tell where tumor stops | * Ill defined margins, can't tell where tumor stops | ||
* Runs through the full [[skin]] thickness (from the surface all the way down to the base of the skin (subcutaneous fascia/fat) | * Runs through the full [[skin]] thickness (from the surface all the way down to the base of the skin ([[subcutaneous]] fascia/fat) | ||
* Doesn't go deeper than fascia | * Doesn't go deeper than [[Tenon's capsule|fascia]] | ||
* Nondestructive, envelops normal structures (e.g., fat cells and | * Nondestructive, envelops normal structures (e.g., fat cells and adenexal structures) | ||
* Uniform matrix of fine, fibrillary collagen | * Uniform matrix of fine, [[Collagen|fibrillary collagen]] | ||
* Shorter, rounder Schwann cells | * Shorter, rounder [[Schwann cells]] | ||
* Clusters of | * Clusters of pseudo-meissnerian body-like structures may be seen | ||
* Usually seen in early childhood and young adults | * Usually seen in early childhood and young adults | ||
* Usually associated with diffuse hyperpigmentation, so looks like a very large squishy café au lait spot | * Usually associated with diffuse [[hyperpigmentation]], so looks like a very large squishy [[café au lait spot]] | ||
* Solitary lesions and not related to any inherited condition (rarely associated with NF1) | * Solitary lesions and not related to any inherited condition (rarely associated with [[NF1]]) | ||
* Rare malignant change | * Rare malignant change | ||
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* Deep | * Deep | ||
* Associated with NF1 | * Associated with [[NF1]] | ||
* Diffuse involvement along a large nerve and its branches | * Diffuse involvement along a large nerve and its branches | ||
* Mostly internal/ intraneural | * Mostly internal/ intraneural | ||
* Can also involve small nerves and superficial skin | * Can also involve small nerves and superficial skin | ||
* Have more [[connective tissue]]/extracellular matrix than cutaneous neurofibromas, that separates the [[nerve fibers]] | * Have more [[connective tissue]]/extracellular matrix than cutaneous [[Neurofibroma|neurofibromas]], that separates the [[nerve fibers]] | ||
* Gross enlargement of the nerve with nodular tumor development results in the gross pathologic appearance referred to as “bag of worms” | * Gross enlargement of the nerve with nodular tumor development results in the gross pathologic appearance referred to as “bag of worms” | ||
* Generally believed to be present at [[birth]] (congenital) | * Generally believed to be present at [[birth]] (congenital) | ||
Revision as of 12:21, 10 April 2019
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Neurofibroma Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Neurofibroma classification On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Neurofibroma classification |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Neurofibroma classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mohsin, M.D.[2]
Overview
Neurofibroma may be classified into 5 subtypes: cutaneous/dermal/localized, subcutaneous, diffuse, intramuscular, and plexiform neurofibroma. Plexiform neurofibromas may be further sub-classified into diffuse and nodular plexiform.
Classification
Neurofibroma may be classified into following subtypes:[1][2][3][4]
| Types of neurofibromas | Characteristics/Description |
|---|---|
| Cutaneous/Dermal/Localized/Sporadic neurofibroma (90%) |
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| Localized Intraneural neurofibroma |
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| Subcutaneous neurofibroma |
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| Diffuse neurofibroma
(superficial) |
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| Intramuscular neurofibroma |
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| Plexiform neurofibroma
(deep) |
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| Pigmented neurofibroma |
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Plexiform neurofibromas can be further subclassified into following:[5]
| Types of neurofibromas | Characteristics/Description |
|---|---|
| Diffuse Plexiform neurofibroma | |
| Nodular Plexiform neurofibroma |
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References
- ↑ Neurofibroma. Libre Pathology 2015. http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Neurofibroma#cite_note-pmid15486243-2 Accessed on November 17, 2015
- ↑ http://www.nfmidwest.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Neurofibromas.pdf
- ↑ https://pubs.rsna.org/doi/10.1148/rg.24si035170#REF8
- ↑ http://surgpathcriteria.stanford.edu/peripheral-nerve/neurofibroma/
- ↑ http://www.nfmidwest.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Neurofibromas.pdf