Carcinoid syndrome classification: Difference between revisions
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==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
*[[ | *Gastroentero-pancreatic [[Neuroendocrine tumor|neuroendocrine tumors]] are classified based upon their origin from the [[embryonic]] divisions of the [[alimentary tract]]: | ||
#[[Foregut]] [[Bronchial|(bronchial]], [[stomach]]) | #[[Foregut]] [[Bronchial|(bronchial]], [[stomach]]) | ||
#[[Midgut]] ([[small intestine]], [[appendix]], [[cecum]]) | #[[Midgut]] ([[small intestine]], [[appendix]], [[cecum]]) | ||
#[[Hindgut]] ([[Colon|distal colon]], [[rectum]], [[genitourinary]]) | #[[Hindgut]] ([[Colon|distal colon]], [[rectum]], [[genitourinary]]) | ||
*[[GET]]-[[ | *[[GET|Gasroenteropancreatic]]- [[neuroendocrine tumor]] produce a number of [[secretory]] products, resulting in a wide range of clinica[[Symptoms|l symptoms.]]<ref name="pmid29260133">{{cite journal |vauthors=Büyükaşık K, Arı A, Tatar C, Akçe B, Sevinç MM, Sarı S, Paşaoğlu E, Bektaş H |title=Clinicopathological features of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: A retrospective evaluation of 42 cases |journal=Turk J Surg |volume=33 |issue=4 |pages=279–283 |date=2017 |pmid=29260133 |doi=10.5152/UCD.2017.3685 |url=}}</ref> <ref name="pmid26911175">{{cite journal |vauthors=Davies L, Weickert MO |title=Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours: an overview |journal=Br J Nurs |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=S12–5 |date=2016 |pmid=26911175 |doi=10.12968/bjon.2016.25.4.S12 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid21311954">{{cite journal |vauthors=Oberg K, Castellano D |title=Current knowledge on diagnosis and staging of neuroendocrine tumors |journal=Cancer Metastasis Rev. |volume=30 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages=3–7 |date=March 2011 |pmid=21311954 |doi=10.1007/s10555-011-9292-1 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*[[Midgut]] [[gastrointestinal]] tract | *[[Midgut]] [[gastrointestinal]] tract [[neuroendocrine tumor]] produce [[serotonin]] and other [[vasoactive]] [[substances]] that give rise to the typical [[Carcinoid Syndrome|carcinoid syndrome.]] | ||
*[[Lung]] [[neuroendocrine tumors]] produce lesser quantities of [[serotonin]]. | *[[Lung]] [[neuroendocrine tumors]] produce lesser quantities of [[serotonin]]. | ||
*[[Carcinoid Syndrome|Carcinoid syndrome]] is caused less commonly by [[lung]] [[neuroendocrine tumor]] and most often with [[tumors]] of large [[size]] (>5 cm). | *[[Carcinoid Syndrome|Carcinoid syndrome]] is caused less commonly by [[lung]] [[neuroendocrine tumor]] and most often with [[tumors]] of large [[size]] (>5 cm). | ||
Revision as of 14:38, 22 April 2019
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Anum Gull M.B.B.S.[2]Parminder Dhingra, M.D. [3]
Overview
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are classified based upon their origin from the embryonic divisions of the alimentary tract into foregut (bronchial, stomach), midgut (small intestine, appendix, cecum) and hindgut (distal colon, rectum, genitourinary) tumours.
Classification
- Gastroentero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are classified based upon their origin from the embryonic divisions of the alimentary tract:
- Foregut (bronchial, stomach)
- Midgut (small intestine, appendix, cecum)
- Hindgut (distal colon, rectum, genitourinary)
- Gasroenteropancreatic- neuroendocrine tumor produce a number of secretory products, resulting in a wide range of clinical symptoms.[1] [2][3]
- Midgut gastrointestinal tract neuroendocrine tumor produce serotonin and other vasoactive substances that give rise to the typical carcinoid syndrome.
- Lung neuroendocrine tumors produce lesser quantities of serotonin.
- Carcinoid syndrome is caused less commonly by lung neuroendocrine tumor and most often with tumors of large size (>5 cm).
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Carcinoid syndrome classification |
| Foregut | Midgut | Hindgut | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Location | |||
| Hormones produced | Variable | ||
| Possibility of carcinoid syndrome | Rare, and atypical when it happens | Classic | Rare |
References
- ↑ Büyükaşık K, Arı A, Tatar C, Akçe B, Sevinç MM, Sarı S, Paşaoğlu E, Bektaş H (2017). "Clinicopathological features of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: A retrospective evaluation of 42 cases". Turk J Surg. 33 (4): 279–283. doi:10.5152/UCD.2017.3685. PMID 29260133.
- ↑ Davies L, Weickert MO (2016). "Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours: an overview". Br J Nurs. 25 (4): S12–5. doi:10.12968/bjon.2016.25.4.S12. PMID 26911175.
- ↑ Oberg K, Castellano D (March 2011). "Current knowledge on diagnosis and staging of neuroendocrine tumors". Cancer Metastasis Rev. 30 Suppl 1: 3–7. doi:10.1007/s10555-011-9292-1. PMID 21311954.