Palmar plantar erythrodysesthesia pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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Unique characteristics of the palms and the soles which justify their involvement as the preferred sites of involvement include< | Unique characteristics of the palms and the soles which justify their involvement as the preferred sites of involvement include <ref>{{Cite journal | ||
| author = [[B. R. Baack]] & [[W. H. Burgdorf]] | |||
| title = Chemotherapy-induced acral erythema | |||
| journal = [[Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology]] | |||
| pmid = 2061446 | |||
}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal | |||
| author = [[W. S. Susser]], [[D. L. Whitaker-Worth]] & [[J. M. Grant-Kels]] | |||
| title = Mucocutaneous reactions to chemotherapy | |||
| journal = [[Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology]] | |||
| pmid = 10071309 | |||
}}</ref> <ref>{{Cite journal | |||
| author = [[Yvonne Lassere]] & [[Paulo Hoff]] | |||
| title = Management of hand-foot syndrome in patients treated with capecitabine (Xeloda) | |||
| journal = [[European journal of oncology nursing : the official journal of European Oncology Nursing Society]] | |||
| doi = 10.1016/j.ejon.2004.06.007 | |||
| pmid = 15341880 | |||
}}</ref> | |||
· High density of eccrine sweat glands<sup>9</sup> | · High density of eccrine sweat glands<sup>9</sup> | ||
Revision as of 21:31, 26 June 2019
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Palmar plantar erythrodysesthesia Microchapters |
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Differentiating Palmar plantar erythrodysesthesia from other Diseases |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
The exact pathogenesis of [disease name] is not fully understood.
OR
It is thought that [disease name] is the result of / is mediated by / is produced by / is caused by either [hypothesis 1], [hypothesis 2], or [hypothesis 3].
OR
[Pathogen name] is usually transmitted via the [transmission route] route to the human host.
OR
Following transmission/ingestion, the [pathogen] uses the [entry site] to invade the [cell name] cell.
OR
[Disease or malignancy name] arises from [cell name]s, which are [cell type] cells that are normally involved in [function of cells].
OR
The progression to [disease name] usually involves the [molecular pathway].
OR
The pathophysiology of [disease/malignancy] depends on the histological subtype.
Pathophysiology
The exact pathogenesis of palmar plantar dysesthesia is not completely understood. Suggested explanations include:
- Direct toxic effect of the chemotherapeutic drug against epidermal cells (keratinocytes)[1]
- Concentration and excretion of cytotoxic drug in eccrine sweat glands causing damage or alteration in these structures [2] [3]
- A type I (immunoglobulin E [IgE]-mediated) allergic reaction [4], suggested based on the occasional co-occurrence of facial erythema/edema, papular rash, and fever.
Unique characteristics of the palms and the soles which justify their involvement as the preferred sites of involvement include [5] [6] [7]
· High density of eccrine sweat glands9
· Absence of folliculosebaceous units (hair follicles and sebaceous glands)9
· Thick stratum corneum9
· Wide dermal papillae9
· High proliferative rate of epidermal basal cells
· The temperature and pressure gradient
· Gravitation forces
· Vascular anatomy peculiar to these areas
· In cases caused by capecitabine, higher expression of the capecitabine-activating enzyme thymidine phosphorylase in the skin of the palms10
Associated Conditions
Conditions associated with [disease name] include:
- [Condition 1]
- [Condition 2]
- [Condition 3]
Gross Pathology
On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
Microscopic Pathology
On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
References
- ↑ J. E. Fitzpatrick. "The cutaneous histopathology of chemotherapeutic reactions". Journal of cutaneous pathology. PMID 8468414.
- ↑ B. R. Baack & W. H. Burgdorf. "Chemotherapy-induced acral erythema". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. PMID 2061446.
- ↑ Hiromi Tsuboi, Kohzoh Yonemoto & Kensei Katsuoka. "A case of bleomycin-induced acral erythema (AE) with eccrine squamous syringometaplasia (ESS) and summary of reports of AE with ESS in the literature". The Journal of dermatology. PMID 16361756.
- ↑ Perry, Michael (2012). Chemotherapy source book. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9781451101454.
- ↑ B. R. Baack & W. H. Burgdorf. "Chemotherapy-induced acral erythema". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. PMID 2061446.
- ↑ W. S. Susser, D. L. Whitaker-Worth & J. M. Grant-Kels. "Mucocutaneous reactions to chemotherapy". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. PMID 10071309.
- ↑ Yvonne Lassere & Paulo Hoff. "Management of hand-foot syndrome in patients treated with capecitabine (Xeloda)". European journal of oncology nursing : the official journal of European Oncology Nursing Society. doi:10.1016/j.ejon.2004.06.007. PMID 15341880.