Palmar plantar erythrodysesthesia pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
Mchitsazan (talk | contribs) |
Mchitsazan (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
| Line 70: | Line 70: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|3}} | {{reflist|3}} | ||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Oncology]] | [[Category:Oncology]] | ||
[[Category:Medicine]] | [[Category:Medicine]] | ||
Revision as of 22:19, 26 June 2019
|
Palmar plantar erythrodysesthesia Microchapters |
|
Differentiating Palmar plantar erythrodysesthesia from other Diseases |
|---|
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Palmar plantar erythrodysesthesia pathophysiology On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Palmar plantar erythrodysesthesia pathophysiology |
|
Palmar plantar erythrodysesthesia pathophysiology in the news |
|
Directions to Hospitals Treating Palmar plantar erythrodysesthesia |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Palmar plantar erythrodysesthesia pathophysiology |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mandana Chitsazan, M.D.
Overview
Pathophysiology
The exact pathogenesis of palmar plantar dysesthesia is not completely understood. Suggested explanations include:
- Direct toxic effect of the chemotherapeutic drug against epidermal cells (keratinocytes)[1]
- Concentration and excretion of cytotoxic drug in eccrine sweat glands causing damage or alteration in these structures [2] [3]
- A type I (immunoglobulin E [IgE]-mediated) allergic reaction [4], suggested based on the occasional co-occurrence of facial erythema/edema, papular rash, and fever.
Unique characteristics of the palms and the soles which justify their involvement as the preferred sites of involvement include [5] [6] [7]
- High density of eccrine sweat glands [8]
- Absence of folliculosebaceous units (hair follicles and sebaceous glands)[8]
- Thick stratum corneum [8]
- Wide dermal papillae [8]
- High proliferation rate of epidermal basal cells
- The temperature and pressure gradient
- Gravitation forces
- Vascular anatomy peculiar to these areas
- In cases caused by capecitabine, higher expression of the capecitabine-activating enzyme thymidine phosphorylase in the skin of the palms10
Gross Pathology
On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
Microscopic Pathology
On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
References
- ↑ J. E. Fitzpatrick. "The cutaneous histopathology of chemotherapeutic reactions". Journal of cutaneous pathology. PMID 8468414.
- ↑ B. R. Baack & W. H. Burgdorf. "Chemotherapy-induced acral erythema". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. PMID 2061446.
- ↑ Hiromi Tsuboi, Kohzoh Yonemoto & Kensei Katsuoka. "A case of bleomycin-induced acral erythema (AE) with eccrine squamous syringometaplasia (ESS) and summary of reports of AE with ESS in the literature". The Journal of dermatology. PMID 16361756.
- ↑ Perry, Michael (2012). Chemotherapy source book. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 9781451101454.
- ↑ B. R. Baack & W. H. Burgdorf. "Chemotherapy-induced acral erythema". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. PMID 2061446.
- ↑ W. S. Susser, D. L. Whitaker-Worth & J. M. Grant-Kels. "Mucocutaneous reactions to chemotherapy". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. PMID 10071309.
- ↑ Yvonne Lassere & Paulo Hoff. "Management of hand-foot syndrome in patients treated with capecitabine (Xeloda)". European journal of oncology nursing : the official journal of European Oncology Nursing Society. doi:10.1016/j.ejon.2004.06.007. PMID 15341880.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Cox GJ, Robertson DB (1986). "Toxic erythema of palms and soles associated with high-dose mercaptopurine chemotherapy". Arch Dermatol. 122 (12): 1413–4. PMID 2947543.