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===Natural History===
===Natural History===
Patients with [[congenital]] pulmonary stenosis manifest clinical features few hours after birth, in childhood or in adulthood. Manifestation of symptoms, symptom severity and the outcomes are dependent on the severity of [[stenosis]].<ref name="pmid8425320">{{cite journal| author=Hayes CJ, Gersony WM, Driscoll DJ, Keane JF, Kidd L, O'Fallon WM et al.| title=Second natural history study of congenital heart defects. Results of treatment of patients with pulmonary valvar stenosis. | journal=Circulation | year= 1993 | volume= 87 | issue= 2 Suppl | pages= I28-37 | pmid=8425320 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8425320  }}</ref> Patients with mild pulmonic stenosis have a benign course and do not progress and patients with moderate and severe stenosis have [[dyspnea]] with exertion and [[syncope]].<ref name="pmid1163423">{{cite journal| author=Mody MR| title=The natural history of uncomplicated valvular pulmonic stenosis. | journal=Am Heart J | year= 1975 | volume= 90 | issue= 3 | pages= 317-21 | pmid=1163423 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1163423  }}</ref>
*The symptoms of (disease name) usually develop in the first/ second/ third decade of life, and start with symptoms such as ___.  
*The symptoms of (disease name) usually develop in the first/ second/ third decade of life, and start with symptoms such as ___.  
*The symptoms of (disease name) typically develop ___ years after exposure to ___.  
*The symptoms of (disease name) typically develop ___ years after exposure to ___.  

Revision as of 15:57, 27 February 2020

Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction Microchapters

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Overview

Anatomy of Pulmonary Valve

Classification

Pulmonary valve stenosis
Pulmonary subvalvular stenosis
Pulmonary supravalvular stenosis
Pulmonary atresia

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

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Physical Examination

Electrocardiogram

Chest X Ray

Echocardiography

Cardiac Catheterization

Pulmonary Angiography

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Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

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Double-Chambered Right Ventricle

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Case #1

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

If left untreated, [#]% of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].

OR

Common complications of [disease name] include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].

OR

Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#]%.

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural History

Patients with congenital pulmonary stenosis manifest clinical features few hours after birth, in childhood or in adulthood. Manifestation of symptoms, symptom severity and the outcomes are dependent on the severity of stenosis.[1] Patients with mild pulmonic stenosis have a benign course and do not progress and patients with moderate and severe stenosis have dyspnea with exertion and syncope.[2]

  • The symptoms of (disease name) usually develop in the first/ second/ third decade of life, and start with symptoms such as ___.
  • The symptoms of (disease name) typically develop ___ years after exposure to ___.
  • If left untreated, [#]% of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].

Complications

  • Common complications of [disease name] include:
    • [Complication 1]
    • [Complication 2]
    • [Complication 3]

Prognosis

  • Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [--]%.
  • Depending on the extent of the [tumor/disease progression] at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as poor/good/excellent.
  • The presence of [characteristic of disease] is associated with a particularly [good/poor] prognosis among patients with [disease/malignancy].
  • [Subtype of disease/malignancy] is associated with the most favorable prognosis.
  • The prognosis varies with the [characteristic] of tumor; [subtype of disease/malignancy] have the most favorable prognosis.

References

  1. Hayes CJ, Gersony WM, Driscoll DJ, Keane JF, Kidd L, O'Fallon WM; et al. (1993). "Second natural history study of congenital heart defects. Results of treatment of patients with pulmonary valvar stenosis". Circulation. 87 (2 Suppl): I28–37. PMID 8425320.
  2. Mody MR (1975). "The natural history of uncomplicated valvular pulmonic stenosis". Am Heart J. 90 (3): 317–21. PMID 1163423.

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