Patent foramen ovale diagnostic study of choice: Difference between revisions
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The diagnostic study of choice for patent foramen ovale is contrast-enhanced transesophageal echocardiography (c-TEE).<ref name="pmid1987242">{{cite journal| author=Pearson AC, Labovitz AJ, Tatineni S, Gomez CR| title=Superiority of transesophageal echocardiography in detecting cardiac source of embolism in patients with cerebral ischemia of uncertain etiology. | journal=J Am Coll Cardiol | year= 1991 | volume= 17 | issue= 1 | pages= 66-72 | pmid=1987242 | doi=10.1016/0735-1097(91)90705-e | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1987242 }} </ref> | The diagnostic study of choice for patent foramen ovale is contrast-enhanced transesophageal echocardiography (c-TEE).<ref name="pmid1987242">{{cite journal| author=Pearson AC, Labovitz AJ, Tatineni S, Gomez CR| title=Superiority of transesophageal echocardiography in detecting cardiac source of embolism in patients with cerebral ischemia of uncertain etiology. | journal=J Am Coll Cardiol | year= 1991 | volume= 17 | issue= 1 | pages= 66-72 | pmid=1987242 | doi=10.1016/0735-1097(91)90705-e | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1987242 }} </ref> | ||
==== The comparison of various diagnostic studies for patent foramen ovale ==== | ==== The comparison of various diagnostic studies for patent foramen ovale ====<ref name="MojadidiZaman2018">{{cite journal|last1=Mojadidi|first1=Mohammad K.|last2=Zaman|first2=Muhammad O.|last3=Elgendy|first3=Islam Y.|last4=Mahmoud|first4=Ahmed N.|last5=Patel|first5=Nimesh K.|last6=Agarwal|first6=Nayan|last7=Tobis|first7=Jonathan M.|last8=Meier|first8=Bernhard|title=Cryptogenic Stroke and Patent Foramen Ovale|journal=Journal of the American College of Cardiology|volume=71|issue=9|year=2018|pages=1035–1043|issn=07351097|doi=10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.059}}</ref> | ||
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Revision as of 14:54, 14 February 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Diagnostic Study of Choice
Study of choice
The diagnostic study of choice for patent foramen ovale is contrast-enhanced transesophageal echocardiography (c-TEE).[1]
==== The comparison of various diagnostic studies for patent foramen ovale ====[2]
| Test | Sensitivity | Specificity |
|---|---|---|
| Transesophageal echocardiography | 89% | 100% |
| Transthoracic echocardiography | 46% | 99% |
| Transcranial doppler | 96% | 93% |
Diagnostic results
The following finding on performing contrast-enhanced transesophageal echocardiography is confirmatory for patent foramen ovale:[3][4][5]
- Presence of bubbles across the inter-atrial septum into the left atrium: A diagnosis is made with the appearance of at least three micro-bubbles within three cardiac cycles after the complete opacification of the right atrium.
This is done with the patient performing the valsalva maneuver.
References
- ↑ Pearson AC, Labovitz AJ, Tatineni S, Gomez CR (1991). "Superiority of transesophageal echocardiography in detecting cardiac source of embolism in patients with cerebral ischemia of uncertain etiology". J Am Coll Cardiol. 17 (1): 66–72. doi:10.1016/0735-1097(91)90705-e. PMID 1987242.
- ↑ Mojadidi, Mohammad K.; Zaman, Muhammad O.; Elgendy, Islam Y.; Mahmoud, Ahmed N.; Patel, Nimesh K.; Agarwal, Nayan; Tobis, Jonathan M.; Meier, Bernhard (2018). "Cryptogenic Stroke and Patent Foramen Ovale". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 71 (9): 1035–1043. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.12.059. ISSN 0735-1097.
- ↑ Pinto FJ (2005). "When and how to diagnose patent foramen ovale". Heart. 91 (4): 438–40. doi:10.1136/hrt.2004.052233. PMC 1768819. PMID 15772190.
- ↑ Mas, Jean-Louis; Arquizan, Caroline; Lamy, Catherine; Zuber, Mathieu; Cabanes, Laure; Derumeaux, Geneviève; Coste, Joël (2001). "Recurrent Cerebrovascular Events Associated with Patent Foramen Ovale, Atrial Septal Aneurysm, or Both". New England Journal of Medicine. 345 (24): 1740–1746. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa011503. ISSN 0028-4793.
- ↑ Yuan, Kristy; Kasner, Scott Eric (2018). "Patent foramen ovale and cryptogenic stroke: diagnosis and updates in secondary stroke prevention". Stroke and Vascular Neurology. 3 (2): 84–91. doi:10.1136/svn-2018-000173. ISSN 2059-8688.