Third degree AV block historical perspective: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Third degree AV block}} | {{Third degree AV block}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Soroush}} {{ADG}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{Soroush}} {{ADG}} [[User:Qasim Khurshid|Qasim Khurshid, M.B.B.S [4]]] | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
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==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
*'''In 1895,''' Willem Einthoven invented the first practical electrocardiogram. | *'''In 1895,''' Willem Einthoven invented the first practical [[electrocardiogram]]. | ||
*'''In 1894,''' Dr. Engelmann described a phenomenon of AV interval lengthening. | *'''In 1894,''' Dr. Engelmann described a phenomenon of AV interval lengthening. | ||
**Dr. Engelmann described a stimulus that is applied to the atrium followed by elongation of the AV interval.<ref name="pmid18907667">{{cite journal| author=LANGENDORF R| title=Concealed A-V conduction; the effect of blocked impulses on the formation and conduction of subsequent impulses. | journal=Am Heart J | year= 1948 | volume= 35 | issue= 4 | pages= 542-52 | pmid=18907667 | doi=10.1016/0002-8703(48)90641-3 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18907667 }}</ref> | **Dr. Engelmann described a [[stimulus]] that is applied to the atrium followed by elongation of the AV interval.<ref name="pmid18907667">{{cite journal| author=LANGENDORF R| title=Concealed A-V conduction; the effect of blocked impulses on the formation and conduction of subsequent impulses. | journal=Am Heart J | year= 1948 | volume= 35 | issue= 4 | pages= 542-52 | pmid=18907667 | doi=10.1016/0002-8703(48)90641-3 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18907667 }}</ref> | ||
*'''In 1899,''' Karel Frederik Wenckebach published a paper "On the analysis of irregular pulses" | *'''In 1899,''' Karel Frederik Wenckebach published a paper "On the analysis of irregular pulses" | ||
**Described the impairment of AV conduction leading to progressive lengthening and blockage of AV conduction in frogs. | **Described the impairment of AV conduction leading to progressive lengthening and blockage of AV conduction in frogs. | ||
**This was later called Wenckebach block ([[Mobitz type I]]) or [[Wenckebach phenomenon]]. | **This was later called Wenckebach block ([[Mobitz type I]]) or [[Wenckebach phenomenon]]. | ||
*'''In 1906,''' Einthoven was the first to organize a presentation of normal and abnormal | *'''In 1906,''' Einthoven was the first to organize a presentation of normal and abnormal [[electrocardiogram]]<nowiki/>s recorded with a string galvanometer. | ||
**Left and right ventricular hypertrophy, left and right atrial hypertrophy, the U wave (for the first time), notching of the QRS, ventricular premature beats, ventricular bigeminy, atrial flutter and '''complete heart block''' are all described. | **Left and right ventricular [[Hypertrophy (medical)|hypertrophy]], left and right atrial hypertrophy, the U wave (for the first time), notching of the QRS, [[ventricular premature beats]], ventricular bigeminy, [[atrial flutter]] and '''[[complete heart block]]''' are all described. | ||
*'''In 1925,''' Dr. Ashmar further studied this blocked impulses and their impact on the conduction in the muscle of the heart. | *'''In 1925,''' Dr. Ashmar further studied this blocked impulses and their impact on the conduction in the muscle of the heart. | ||
*'''In 1930,''' Sanders was the first to describe infarction of the right ventricle. | *'''In 1930,''' Sanders was the first to describe infarction of the right ventricle. | ||
*'''In 1949,''' Norman Jeff Holter developed a first Holter monitor which was a 75 pound backpack that can record the ECG of the wearer and transmit the signal. | *'''In 1949,''' Norman Jeff Holter developed a first Holter monitor which was a 75 pound backpack that can record the [[ECG]] of the wearer and transmit the signal. | ||
* | * | ||
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===Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies=== | ===Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies=== | ||
* Paul Zoll in '''1952:''' invented temporary transcutaneous cardiac pacing. | * Paul Zoll in '''1952:''' invented temporary [[Transcutaneous pacing|transcutaneous]] cardiac pacing. | ||
* Seymour Furman in '''1958:''' developed temporary endocardial approach | * Seymour Furman in '''1958:''' developed temporary endocardial approach | ||
* Åke Senningm and Elmqvist in '''1958''': developed '''Implantable Pacemakers'''.<ref name="pmid18958267">{{cite journal| author=van Hemel NM, van der Wall EE| title=8 October 1958, D Day for the implantable pacemaker. | journal=Neth Heart J | year= 2008 | volume= 16 | issue= Suppl 1 | pages= S3-4 | pmid=18958267 | doi= | pmc=2572009 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18958267 }} </ref> | * Åke Senningm and Elmqvist in '''1958''': developed '''Implantable Pacemakers'''.<ref name="pmid18958267">{{cite journal| author=van Hemel NM, van der Wall EE| title=8 October 1958, D Day for the implantable pacemaker. | journal=Neth Heart J | year= 2008 | volume= 16 | issue= Suppl 1 | pages= S3-4 | pmid=18958267 | doi= | pmc=2572009 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18958267 }} </ref> | ||
Revision as of 14:27, 18 June 2020
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soroush Seifirad, M.D.[2] Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [3] Qasim Khurshid, M.B.B.S [4]
Overview
In 1894, Dr. Engelman was the first to describe in detail the phenomenon of AV interval lengthening. In 1899, Karel Frederik published a paper on irregular pulses describing impairment of AV conduction and blockage. 1906 Einthiven was the first to present a presentation of normal and abnormal electrocardiograms recorded with string galvanometer. Dr. Ashmar in 1925 studied and described in detail this blocked impulses and their impact on the conduction in the muscle of the heart. In 1952 Dr. Paul Zoll developed first temporary trans-cutaneous pacing.
Historical Perspective
- In 1895, Willem Einthoven invented the first practical electrocardiogram.
- In 1894, Dr. Engelmann described a phenomenon of AV interval lengthening.
- In 1899, Karel Frederik Wenckebach published a paper "On the analysis of irregular pulses"
- Described the impairment of AV conduction leading to progressive lengthening and blockage of AV conduction in frogs.
- This was later called Wenckebach block (Mobitz type I) or Wenckebach phenomenon.
- In 1906, Einthoven was the first to organize a presentation of normal and abnormal electrocardiograms recorded with a string galvanometer.
- Left and right ventricular hypertrophy, left and right atrial hypertrophy, the U wave (for the first time), notching of the QRS, ventricular premature beats, ventricular bigeminy, atrial flutter and complete heart block are all described.
- In 1925, Dr. Ashmar further studied this blocked impulses and their impact on the conduction in the muscle of the heart.
- In 1930, Sanders was the first to describe infarction of the right ventricle.
- In 1949, Norman Jeff Holter developed a first Holter monitor which was a 75 pound backpack that can record the ECG of the wearer and transmit the signal.
Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies
- Paul Zoll in 1952: invented temporary transcutaneous cardiac pacing.
- Seymour Furman in 1958: developed temporary endocardial approach
- Åke Senningm and Elmqvist in 1958: developed Implantable Pacemakers.[2]
References
- ↑ LANGENDORF R (1948). "Concealed A-V conduction; the effect of blocked impulses on the formation and conduction of subsequent impulses". Am Heart J. 35 (4): 542–52. doi:10.1016/0002-8703(48)90641-3. PMID 18907667.
- ↑ van Hemel NM, van der Wall EE (2008). "8 October 1958, D Day for the implantable pacemaker". Neth Heart J. 16 (Suppl 1): S3–4. PMC 2572009. PMID 18958267.