Bronchogenic cyst overview: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
No edit summary
Line 23: Line 23:
==Screening==
==Screening==
There is insufficient evidence to recommend routine screening for bronchogenic [[cyst]] as it is usually an incidental finding.
There is insufficient evidence to recommend routine screening for bronchogenic [[cyst]] as it is usually an incidental finding.
==Natural history, complications and prognosis==
'''Natural History'''
The symptoms of bronchogenic [[cyst]] usually develop in the third to fourth decade of life and start with symptoms such as
*[[Dyspnea]]<ref name="pmid12809250">{{cite journal| author=Sarper A, Ayten A, Golbasi I, Demircan A, Isin E| title=Bronchogenic cyst. | journal=Tex Heart Inst J | year= 2003 | volume= 30 | issue= 2 | pages= 105-8 | pmid=12809250 | doi= | pmc=161894 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12809250  }} </ref><ref name="pmid29895549">{{cite journal| author=Mesland JB, Gérard L, Van Caenegem O, Castanares-Zapatero D| title=Bronchogenic cyst infection presenting as pleuropericarditis. | journal=BMJ Case Rep | year= 2018 | volume= 2018 | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=29895549 | doi=10.1136/bcr-2018-225081 | pmc=6011476 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29895549  }} </ref><ref name="pmid30098916">{{cite journal| author=Yildiz H, Reichwein R, Poncelet A, Lacroix V, D'abadie P, Ghaye B | display-authors=etal| title=An unusual case of cardiac tamponade: Bronchogenic cyst infection due to Salmonella bredeney. | journal=J Infect Chemother | year= 2019 | volume= 25 | issue= 2 | pages= 151-153 | pmid=30098916 | doi=10.1016/j.jiac.2018.07.012 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30098916  }} </ref><ref name="pmid26234845">{{cite journal| author=Olsen M, Mitchell TA, Percival TJ, Helsel BS| title=Interatrial Bronchogenic Cyst Resection. | journal=Ann Thorac Surg | year= 2015 | volume= 100 | issue= 2 | pages= 709-11 | pmid=26234845 | doi=10.1016/j.athoracsur.2014.10.025 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26234845  }} </ref>
*Chronic dry [[cough]]<ref name="pmid12809250">{{cite journal| author=Sarper A, Ayten A, Golbasi I, Demircan A, Isin E| title=Bronchogenic cyst. | journal=Tex Heart Inst J | year= 2003 | volume= 30 | issue= 2 | pages= 105-8 | pmid=12809250 | doi= | pmc=161894 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12809250  }} </ref><ref name="pmid29895549">{{cite journal| author=Mesland JB, Gérard L, Van Caenegem O, Castanares-Zapatero D| title=Bronchogenic cyst infection presenting as pleuropericarditis. | journal=BMJ Case Rep | year= 2018 | volume= 2018 | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=29895549 | doi=10.1136/bcr-2018-225081 | pmc=6011476 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29895549  }} </ref><ref name="pmid26234845">{{cite journal| author=Olsen M, Mitchell TA, Percival TJ, Helsel BS| title=Interatrial Bronchogenic Cyst Resection. | journal=Ann Thorac Surg | year= 2015 | volume= 100 | issue= 2 | pages= 709-11 | pmid=26234845 | doi=10.1016/j.athoracsur.2014.10.025 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26234845  }} </ref>
*[[Rhinitis]]<ref name="pmid28696968">{{cite journal| author=DiBardino DM, Brenner K| title=Bronchogenic Cyst Abscess. | journal=J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol | year= 2017 | volume= 24 | issue= 3 | pages= 31-32 | pmid=28696968 | doi=10.1097/LBR.0000000000000375 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28696968  }} </ref>
*[[chest pain|Chest discomfort/pain]]<ref name="pmid12809250">{{cite journal| author=Sarper A, Ayten A, Golbasi I, Demircan A, Isin E| title=Bronchogenic cyst. | journal=Tex Heart Inst J | year= 2003 | volume= 30 | issue= 2 | pages= 105-8 | pmid=12809250 | doi= | pmc=161894 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12809250  }} </ref><ref name="pmid27068723">{{cite journal| author=Chumakova M, Morris-Stiff G, Khachaturov V, Ibrahim S| title=Bronchogenic cyst arising from the crus of the left hemidiaphragm. | journal=BMJ Case Rep | year= 2016 | volume= 2016 | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=27068723 | doi=10.1136/bcr-2015-213658 | pmc=4840741 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27068723  }} </ref><ref name="pmid29895549">{{cite journal| author=Mesland JB, Gérard L, Van Caenegem O, Castanares-Zapatero D| title=Bronchogenic cyst infection presenting as pleuropericarditis. | journal=BMJ Case Rep | year= 2018 | volume= 2018 | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=29895549 | doi=10.1136/bcr-2018-225081 | pmc=6011476 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29895549  }} </ref><ref name="pmid30098916">{{cite journal| author=Yildiz H, Reichwein R, Poncelet A, Lacroix V, D'abadie P, Ghaye B | display-authors=etal| title=An unusual case of cardiac tamponade: Bronchogenic cyst infection due to Salmonella bredeney. | journal=J Infect Chemother | year= 2019 | volume= 25 | issue= 2 | pages= 151-153 | pmid=30098916 | doi=10.1016/j.jiac.2018.07.012 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30098916  }} </ref>
*[[Neck pain]]<ref name="pmid30702626">{{cite journal| author=Chen F, Marx S, Zhang C, Cao J, Yu Y, Chen D| title=Intramedullary bronchogenic cyst in the foramen magnum region accompanied with syringomyelia: A case report and literature review. | journal=Medicine (Baltimore) | year= 2019 | volume= 98 | issue= 5 | pages= e14353 | pmid=30702626 | doi=10.1097/MD.0000000000014353 | pmc=6380722 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30702626  }} </ref>
*Flu-like symptoms and [[Fever]]<ref name="pmid12809250">{{cite journal| author=Sarper A, Ayten A, Golbasi I, Demircan A, Isin E| title=Bronchogenic cyst. | journal=Tex Heart Inst J | year= 2003 | volume= 30 | issue= 2 | pages= 105-8 | pmid=12809250 | doi= | pmc=161894 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12809250  }} </ref><ref name="pmid29895549">{{cite journal| author=Mesland JB, Gérard L, Van Caenegem O, Castanares-Zapatero D| title=Bronchogenic cyst infection presenting as pleuropericarditis. | journal=BMJ Case Rep | year= 2018 | volume= 2018 | issue=  | pages=  | pmid=29895549 | doi=10.1136/bcr-2018-225081 | pmc=6011476 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29895549  }} </ref><ref name="pmid30098916">{{cite journal| author=Yildiz H, Reichwein R, Poncelet A, Lacroix V, D'abadie P, Ghaye B | display-authors=etal| title=An unusual case of cardiac tamponade: Bronchogenic cyst infection due to Salmonella bredeney. | journal=J Infect Chemother | year= 2019 | volume= 25 | issue= 2 | pages= 151-153 | pmid=30098916 | doi=10.1016/j.jiac.2018.07.012 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30098916  }} </ref>
*Purulent [[sputum]]<ref name="pmid12809250">{{cite journal| author=Sarper A, Ayten A, Golbasi I, Demircan A, Isin E| title=Bronchogenic cyst. | journal=Tex Heart Inst J | year= 2003 | volume= 30 | issue= 2 | pages= 105-8 | pmid=12809250 | doi= | pmc=161894 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12809250  }} </ref>
*[[abdominal pain|Abdominal discomfort]]
*[[paralysis|Limb weakness]]
*[[Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia]]<ref name="pmid26329634">{{cite journal| author=Mega S| title=[Anterior Mediastinal Bronchogenic Cyst Associated with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia ; Report of a Case]. | journal=Kyobu Geka | year= 2015 | volume= 68 | issue= 10 | pages= 871-3 | pmid=26329634 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26329634  }} </ref>
*[[Atrioventricular block]]<ref name="pmid28139004">{{cite journal| author=Miwa E, Tani T, Okada Y, Furukawa Y| title=A rare cardiac tumor: Bronchogenic cyst of interatrial septum. | journal=Echocardiography | year= 2017 | volume= 34 | issue= 3 | pages= 474-475 | pmid=28139004 | doi=10.1111/echo.13445 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28139004  }} </ref>
*[[Amnesia|Memory impairment]]<ref name="pmid31348319">{{cite journal| author=Bian B, Yu M, Liu S, Li S, Wei Y, Zhang B| title=A suprasellar bronchogenic cyst: A case report. | journal=Medicine (Baltimore) | year= 2019 | volume= 98 | issue= 30 | pages= e16650 | pmid=31348319 | doi=10.1097/MD.0000000000016650 | pmc=6709100 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=31348319  }} </ref>
*[[Asthenia]]<ref name="pmid31348319">{{cite journal| author=Bian B, Yu M, Liu S, Li S, Wei Y, Zhang B| title=A suprasellar bronchogenic cyst: A case report. | journal=Medicine (Baltimore) | year= 2019 | volume= 98 | issue= 30 | pages= e16650 | pmid=31348319 | doi=10.1097/MD.0000000000016650 | pmc=6709100 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=31348319  }} </ref><ref name="pmid26097578">{{cite journal| author=Zou MX, Hu JR, Kang YJ, Li J, Lv GH, She XL| title=Bronchogenic cyst of the conus medullaris with spinal cord tethering: a case report and review of the literature. | journal=Int J Clin Exp Pathol | year= 2015 | volume= 8 | issue= 4 | pages= 3937-42 | pmid=26097578 | doi= | pmc=4466965 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26097578  }} </ref><ref name="pmid29390371">{{cite journal| author=Lee HD, Han SH, Park SB, Ko Y, Lee KH| title=An intradural extramedullary bronchogenic cyst in the thoracolumbar spine: A case report. | journal=Medicine (Baltimore) | year= 2017 | volume= 96 | issue= 50 | pages= e9263 | pmid=29390371 | doi=10.1097/MD.0000000000009263 | pmc=5815783 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29390371  }} </ref>
*[[Seizure]] and [[loss of consciousness]]<ref name="pmid26969135">{{cite journal| author=Khawar M, Elmahrouk A, Chaikhouni A| title=Air embolism during air flight in a passenger with bronchogenic cyst. | journal=J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg | year= 2016 | volume= 152 | issue= 1 | pages= e1-2 | pmid=26969135 | doi=10.1016/j.jtcvs.2016.02.014 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26969135  }} </ref>
*[[Dizziness]]<ref name="pmid25780019">{{cite journal| author=Xu Q, Feng Y, Ye K, Zhou Y, Zhan R| title=Bronchogenic cyst in left anterior cranial fossa. | journal=Neurology | year= 2015 | volume= 84 | issue= 11 | pages= 1181-2 | pmid=25780019 | doi=10.1212/WNL.0000000000001368 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25780019  }} </ref>
*Lower [[back pain]]<ref name="pmid26097578">{{cite journal| author=Zou MX, Hu JR, Kang YJ, Li J, Lv GH, She XL| title=Bronchogenic cyst of the conus medullaris with spinal cord tethering: a case report and review of the literature. | journal=Int J Clin Exp Pathol | year= 2015 | volume= 8 | issue= 4 | pages= 3937-42 | pmid=26097578 | doi= | pmc=4466965 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26097578  }} </ref>
*[[Urinary incontinence]]<ref name="pmid26097578">{{cite journal| author=Zou MX, Hu JR, Kang YJ, Li J, Lv GH, She XL| title=Bronchogenic cyst of the conus medullaris with spinal cord tethering: a case report and review of the literature. | journal=Int J Clin Exp Pathol | year= 2015 | volume= 8 | issue= 4 | pages= 3937-42 | pmid=26097578 | doi= | pmc=4466965 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26097578  }} </ref>
'''Complication'''
Common complications of bronchogenic [[cyst]] include
*[[Tracheal compression]]<ref name="pmid8651761">{{cite journal| author=Ribet ME, Copin MC, Gosselin BH| title=Bronchogenic cysts of the lung. | journal=Ann Thorac Surg | year= 1996 | volume= 61 | issue= 6 | pages= 1636-40 | pmid=8651761 | doi=10.1016/0003-4975(96)00172-5 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8651761  }} </ref><ref name="pmid8902460">{{cite journal| author=Aktoğu S, Yuncu G, Halilçolar H, Ermete S, Buduneli T| title=Bronchogenic cysts: clinicopathological presentation and treatment. | journal=Eur Respir J | year= 1996 | volume= 9 | issue= 10 | pages= 2017-21 | pmid=8902460 | doi=10.1183/09031936.96.09102017 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8902460  }} </ref>
*Esophageal compression<ref name="pmid12809250">{{cite journal| author=Sarper A, Ayten A, Golbasi I, Demircan A, Isin E| title=Bronchogenic cyst. | journal=Tex Heart Inst J | year= 2003 | volume= 30 | issue= 2 | pages= 105-8 | pmid=12809250 | doi= | pmc=161894 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12809250  }} </ref>
*[[Cough]]<ref name="pmid8651761">{{cite journal| author=Ribet ME, Copin MC, Gosselin BH| title=Bronchogenic cysts of the lung. | journal=Ann Thorac Surg | year= 1996 | volume= 61 | issue= 6 | pages= 1636-40 | pmid=8651761 | doi=10.1016/0003-4975(96)00172-5 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8651761  }} </ref>
*[[Infection]]/[[abscess]]<ref name="pmid8651761">{{cite journal| author=Ribet ME, Copin MC, Gosselin BH| title=Bronchogenic cysts of the lung. | journal=Ann Thorac Surg | year= 1996 | volume= 61 | issue= 6 | pages= 1636-40 | pmid=8651761 | doi=10.1016/0003-4975(96)00172-5 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8651761  }} </ref><ref name="pmid19015445">{{cite journal| author=Teissier N, Elmaleh-Bergès M, Ferkdadji L, François M, Van den Abbeele T| title=Cervical bronchogenic cysts: usual and unusual clinical presentations. | journal=Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg | year= 2008 | volume= 134 | issue= 11 | pages= 1165-9 | pmid=19015445 | doi=10.1001/archotol.134.11.1165 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19015445  }} </ref><ref name="pmid31462259">{{cite journal| author=Yang X, Zong Y, Zhao HY, Wu YD, Ji M| title=Complete excision of esophageal bronchogenic cyst by endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection: a case presentation. | journal=BMC Gastroenterol | year= 2019 | volume= 19 | issue= 1 | pages= 155 | pmid=31462259 | doi=10.1186/s12876-019-1072-3 | pmc=6714396 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=31462259  }} </ref><ref name="pmid28696968">{{cite journal| author=DiBardino DM, Brenner K| title=Bronchogenic Cyst Abscess. | journal=J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol | year= 2017 | volume= 24 | issue= 3 | pages= 31-32 | pmid=28696968 | doi=10.1097/LBR.0000000000000375 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28696968  }} </ref>
*[[Hemoptysis]]<ref name="pmid12809250">{{cite journal| author=Sarper A, Ayten A, Golbasi I, Demircan A, Isin E| title=Bronchogenic cyst. | journal=Tex Heart Inst J | year= 2003 | volume= 30 | issue= 2 | pages= 105-8 | pmid=12809250 | doi= | pmc=161894 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12809250  }} </ref><ref name="pmid8651761">{{cite journal| author=Ribet ME, Copin MC, Gosselin BH| title=Bronchogenic cysts of the lung. | journal=Ann Thorac Surg | year= 1996 | volume= 61 | issue= 6 | pages= 1636-40 | pmid=8651761 | doi=10.1016/0003-4975(96)00172-5 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8651761  }} </ref>
*[[Superior vena cava syndrome]]<ref name="pmid8902460">{{cite journal| author=Aktoğu S, Yuncu G, Halilçolar H, Ermete S, Buduneli T| title=Bronchogenic cysts: clinicopathological presentation and treatment. | journal=Eur Respir J | year= 1996 | volume= 9 | issue= 10 | pages= 2017-21 | pmid=8902460 | doi=10.1183/09031936.96.09102017 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8902460  }} </ref><ref name="pmid25750196">{{cite journal| author=Hayabuchi Y, Sakata M, Kagami S| title=Bronchogenic cyst compressing the pulmonary artery and the left atrium. | journal=Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging | year= 2015 | volume= 16 | issue= 7 | pages= 746 | pmid=25750196 | doi=10.1093/ehjci/jev059 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25750196  }} </ref><ref name="pmid31008767">{{cite journal| author=Parsons C, Zhao CB, Huang J| title=Gigantic Pericardial Bronchogenic Cyst Compressing Superior Vena Cava and Coronary Artery. | journal=Anesthesiology | year= 2019 | volume= 131 | issue= 3 | pages= 667 | pmid=31008767 | doi=10.1097/ALN.0000000000002739 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=31008767  }} </ref>
*[[Pneumothorax]]<ref name="pmid12809250">{{cite journal| author=Sarper A, Ayten A, Golbasi I, Demircan A, Isin E| title=Bronchogenic cyst. | journal=Tex Heart Inst J | year= 2003 | volume= 30 | issue= 2 | pages= 105-8 | pmid=12809250 | doi= | pmc=161894 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12809250  }} </ref><ref name="pmid8902460">{{cite journal| author=Aktoğu S, Yuncu G, Halilçolar H, Ermete S, Buduneli T| title=Bronchogenic cysts: clinicopathological presentation and treatment. | journal=Eur Respir J | year= 1996 | volume= 9 | issue= 10 | pages= 2017-21 | pmid=8902460 | doi=10.1183/09031936.96.09102017 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8902460  }} </ref>
*[[Pleurisy]]<ref name="pmid8902460">{{cite journal| author=Aktoğu S, Yuncu G, Halilçolar H, Ermete S, Buduneli T| title=Bronchogenic cysts: clinicopathological presentation and treatment. | journal=Eur Respir J | year= 1996 | volume= 9 | issue= 10 | pages= 2017-21 | pmid=8902460 | doi=10.1183/09031936.96.09102017 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8902460  }} </ref>
*[[Pneumonia]]<ref name="pmid12809250">{{cite journal| author=Sarper A, Ayten A, Golbasi I, Demircan A, Isin E| title=Bronchogenic cyst. | journal=Tex Heart Inst J | year= 2003 | volume= 30 | issue= 2 | pages= 105-8 | pmid=12809250 | doi= | pmc=161894 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12809250  }} </ref><ref name="pmid8902460">{{cite journal| author=Aktoğu S, Yuncu G, Halilçolar H, Ermete S, Buduneli T| title=Bronchogenic cysts: clinicopathological presentation and treatment. | journal=Eur Respir J | year= 1996 | volume= 9 | issue= 10 | pages= 2017-21 | pmid=8902460 | doi=10.1183/09031936.96.09102017 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=8902460  }} </ref>
*[[Lymphangioma]]<ref name="pmid19015445">{{cite journal| author=Teissier N, Elmaleh-Bergès M, Ferkdadji L, François M, Van den Abbeele T| title=Cervical bronchogenic cysts: usual and unusual clinical presentations. | journal=Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg | year= 2008 | volume= 134 | issue= 11 | pages= 1165-9 | pmid=19015445 | doi=10.1001/archotol.134.11.1165 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19015445  }} </ref>
*[[bleeding|Haemorrhage]]<ref name="pmid19015445">{{cite journal| author=Teissier N, Elmaleh-Bergès M, Ferkdadji L, François M, Van den Abbeele T| title=Cervical bronchogenic cysts: usual and unusual clinical presentations. | journal=Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg | year= 2008 | volume= 134 | issue= 11 | pages= 1165-9 | pmid=19015445 | doi=10.1001/archotol.134.11.1165 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19015445  }} </ref><ref name="pmid31462259">{{cite journal| author=Yang X, Zong Y, Zhao HY, Wu YD, Ji M| title=Complete excision of esophageal bronchogenic cyst by endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection: a case presentation. | journal=BMC Gastroenterol | year= 2019 | volume= 19 | issue= 1 | pages= 155 | pmid=31462259 | doi=10.1186/s12876-019-1072-3 | pmc=6714396 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=31462259  }} </ref>
*[[Neoplasia]](adenocarcinoma, mucoepidermoid carcinoma,  anaplastic carcinoma, and leiomyosarcoma)<ref name="pmid19015445">{{cite journal| author=Teissier N, Elmaleh-Bergès M, Ferkdadji L, François M, Van den Abbeele T| title=Cervical bronchogenic cysts: usual and unusual clinical presentations. | journal=Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg | year= 2008 | volume= 134 | issue= 11 | pages= 1165-9 | pmid=19015445 | doi=10.1001/archotol.134.11.1165 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19015445  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17874358">{{cite journal| author=Chuang KH, Huang TW, Cheng YL, Chen JC, Tzao C, Chang H | display-authors=etal| title=Esophageal bronchogenic cyst: a rare entity. | journal=Z Gastroenterol | year= 2007 | volume= 45 | issue= 9 | pages= 958-60 | pmid=17874358 | doi=10.1055/s-2007-963069 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17874358  }} </ref><ref name="pmid26986156">{{cite journal| author=Han C, Lin R, Yu J, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Liu J | display-authors=etal| title=A Case Report of Esophageal Bronchogenic Cyst and Review of the Literature With an Emphasis on Endoscopic Ultrasonography Appearance. | journal=Medicine (Baltimore) | year= 2016 | volume= 95 | issue= 11 | pages= e3111 | pmid=26986156 | doi=10.1097/MD.0000000000003111 | pmc=4839937 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26986156  }} </ref><ref name="pmid31462259">{{cite journal| author=Yang X, Zong Y, Zhao HY, Wu YD, Ji M| title=Complete excision of esophageal bronchogenic cyst by endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection: a case presentation. | journal=BMC Gastroenterol | year= 2019 | volume= 19 | issue= 1 | pages= 155 | pmid=31462259 | doi=10.1186/s12876-019-1072-3 | pmc=6714396 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=31462259  }} </ref>
*[[cyst|Rupture]]<ref name="pmid12809250">{{cite journal| author=Sarper A, Ayten A, Golbasi I, Demircan A, Isin E| title=Bronchogenic cyst. | journal=Tex Heart Inst J | year= 2003 | volume= 30 | issue= 2 | pages= 105-8 | pmid=12809250 | doi= | pmc=161894 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12809250  }} </ref><ref name="pmid17874358">{{cite journal| author=Chuang KH, Huang TW, Cheng YL, Chen JC, Tzao C, Chang H | display-authors=etal| title=Esophageal bronchogenic cyst: a rare entity. | journal=Z Gastroenterol | year= 2007 | volume= 45 | issue= 9 | pages= 958-60 | pmid=17874358 | doi=10.1055/s-2007-963069 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17874358  }} </ref><ref name="pmid31462259">{{cite journal| author=Yang X, Zong Y, Zhao HY, Wu YD, Ji M| title=Complete excision of esophageal bronchogenic cyst by endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection: a case presentation. | journal=BMC Gastroenterol | year= 2019 | volume= 19 | issue= 1 | pages= 155 | pmid=31462259 | doi=10.1186/s12876-019-1072-3 | pmc=6714396 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=31462259  }} </ref>
*[[Air embolism]]<ref name="pmid26969135">{{cite journal| author=Khawar M, Elmahrouk A, Chaikhouni A| title=Air embolism during air flight in a passenger with bronchogenic cyst. | journal=J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg | year= 2016 | volume= 152 | issue= 1 | pages= e1-2 | pmid=26969135 | doi=10.1016/j.jtcvs.2016.02.014 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26969135  }} </ref>
*[[Cardiac tamponade]]<ref name="pmid30098916">{{cite journal| author=Yildiz H, Reichwein R, Poncelet A, Lacroix V, D'abadie P, Ghaye B | display-authors=etal| title=An unusual case of cardiac tamponade: Bronchogenic cyst infection due to Salmonella bredeney. | journal=J Infect Chemother | year= 2019 | volume= 25 | issue= 2 | pages= 151-153 | pmid=30098916 | doi=10.1016/j.jiac.2018.07.012 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30098916  }} </ref>
*[[Ventricular septal defect]]<ref name="pmid29897508">{{cite journal| author=Blesneac C, Horvath E, Muntean I, Benedek T, Toganel R| title=Intracardiac bronchogenic cyst associated with ventricular septal defect: an extremely rare feature in children. | journal=Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging | year= 2018 | volume= 19 | issue= 9 | pages= 1074 | pmid=29897508 | doi=10.1093/ehjci/jey078 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29897508  }} </ref>
*[[syringomyelia]]<ref name="pmid30702626">{{cite journal| author=Chen F, Marx S, Zhang C, Cao J, Yu Y, Chen D| title=Intramedullary bronchogenic cyst in the foramen magnum region accompanied with syringomyelia: A case report and literature review. | journal=Medicine (Baltimore) | year= 2019 | volume= 98 | issue= 5 | pages= e14353 | pmid=30702626 | doi=10.1097/MD.0000000000014353 | pmc=6380722 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=30702626  }} </ref>
'''Prognosis'''
[[Prognosis]] is generally good,<ref name="pmid19015445">{{cite journal| author=Teissier N, Elmaleh-Bergès M, Ferkdadji L, François M, Van den Abbeele T| title=Cervical bronchogenic cysts: usual and unusual clinical presentations. | journal=Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg | year= 2008 | volume= 134 | issue= 11 | pages= 1165-9 | pmid=19015445 | doi=10.1001/archotol.134.11.1165 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19015445  }} </ref> a [[Morbidity & Mortality]] rate of 20% has been recorded in older patients treated for bronchogenic [[cyst]].<ref name="pmid21420068">{{cite journal| author=Makhija Z, Moir CR, Allen MS, Cassivi SD, Deschamps C, Nichols FC | display-authors=etal| title=Surgical management of congenital cystic lung malformations in older patients. | journal=Ann Thorac Surg | year= 2011 | volume= 91 | issue= 5 | pages= 1568-73; discussion 1573 | pmid=21420068 | doi=10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.01.080 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21420068  }} </ref>




Revision as of 00:37, 14 July 2020

Bronchogenic cyst Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Bronchogenic cyst from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

X-ray

Echocardiography and Ultrasound

CT

MRI

Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Interventions

Surgery

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

Bronchogenic cyst overview On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Bronchogenic cyst overview

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Bronchogenic cyst overview

CDC on Bronchogenic cyst overview

Bronchogenic cyst overview in the news

Blogs on Bronchogenic cyst overview

Directions to Hospitals Treating Bronchogenic cyst

Risk calculators and risk factors for Bronchogenic cyst overview

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Joanna Ekabua, M.D. [2]

Overview

Bronchogenic cyst is a rare benign congenital malformation of the tracheobronchial tree derived from the ventral aspect of the foregut. It most frequently occurs in the middle mediastinum, in the early stages of gestation or in the lungs, at the later stages of gestation. Atypical locations may be explained by its embryologic origin. Patients with bronchogenic cyst may be asymptomatic or present with respiratory distress, increasing stridor, feeding difficulties, chest pain, cough, progressive dysphagia, odynophagia, purulent sputum, dyspnea, anorexia and/orweight loss. Radiologic findings are useful to differentiate bronchogenic cysts from other cysts but may they not always confirm the diagnosis. Diagnosis is confirmed by surgical excision, which is curative, and histological findings of ciliated columnar epithelial lining of the cyst.

Historical Perspective

There is limited information about the historical perspective of bronchogenic cyst.

Classification

Bronchogenic cyst can be classified based on location; pulmonary and extrapulmonary.[1][2]

Pathophysiology

It is thought that bronchogenic cyst is the result of abnormal budding of the ventral [3] portion of the primitive foregut[1][2][4]destined to become the tracheobronchial tree[5] between days 26 - 40 of gestation.

Causes

The cause of bronchogenic cysts is undetermined.

Differentiating Bronchogenic cyst from other Diseases

Differentiating bronchogenic cyst from lung abcess, thymic cyst, and esophageal duplication cysts.

Bronchogenic cyst epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics

There is no racial predilection to bronchogenic cyst. Bronchogenic cyst is slightly more prevalent in men and often remain undetected till the third or fourth decade of life.[6][7]

Risk factors

There are no established risk factors for bronchogenic cyst.

Screening

There is insufficient evidence to recommend routine screening for bronchogenic cyst as it is usually an incidental finding.

Natural history, complications and prognosis

Natural History

The symptoms of bronchogenic cyst usually develop in the third to fourth decade of life and start with symptoms such as

Complication

Common complications of bronchogenic cyst include

Prognosis

Prognosis is generally good,[4] a Morbidity & Mortality rate of 20% has been recorded in older patients treated for bronchogenic cyst.[27]


References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Maier HC (1948). "Bronchiogenic Cysts of the Mediastinum". Ann Surg. 127 (3): 476–502. doi:10.1097/00000658-194803000-00010. PMC 1513836. PMID 17859095.
  2. ↑ 2.00 2.01 2.02 2.03 2.04 2.05 2.06 2.07 2.08 2.09 2.10 2.11 Sarper A, Ayten A, Golbasi I, Demircan A, Isin E (2003). "Bronchogenic cyst". Tex Heart Inst J. 30 (2): 105–8. PMC 161894. PMID 12809250.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Han C, Lin R, Yu J, Zhang Q, Zhang Y, Liu J; et al. (2016). "A Case Report of Esophageal Bronchogenic Cyst and Review of the Literature With an Emphasis on Endoscopic Ultrasonography Appearance". Medicine (Baltimore). 95 (11): e3111. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000003111. PMC 4839937. PMID 26986156.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 Teissier N, Elmaleh-Bergès M, Ferkdadji L, François M, Van den Abbeele T (2008). "Cervical bronchogenic cysts: usual and unusual clinical presentations". Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 134 (11): 1165–9. doi:10.1001/archotol.134.11.1165. PMID 19015445.
  5. ↑ "StatPearls". 2020. PMID 30725658.
  6. ↑ Lardinois D, Gugger M, Ris HB (1999). "Bronchogenic cyst of the left lower lobe associated with severe hemoptysis". Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 16 (3): 382–3. doi:10.1016/s1010-7940(99)00226-2. PMID 10554866.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 Aktoğu S, Yuncu G, Halilçolar H, Ermete S, Buduneli T (1996). "Bronchogenic cysts: clinicopathological presentation and treatment". Eur Respir J. 9 (10): 2017–21. doi:10.1183/09031936.96.09102017. PMID 8902460.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Mesland JB, Gérard L, Van Caenegem O, Castanares-Zapatero D (2018). "Bronchogenic cyst infection presenting as pleuropericarditis". BMJ Case Rep. 2018. doi:10.1136/bcr-2018-225081. PMC 6011476. PMID 29895549.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Yildiz H, Reichwein R, Poncelet A, Lacroix V, D'abadie P, Ghaye B; et al. (2019). "An unusual case of cardiac tamponade: Bronchogenic cyst infection due to Salmonella bredeney". J Infect Chemother. 25 (2): 151–153. doi:10.1016/j.jiac.2018.07.012. PMID 30098916.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 Olsen M, Mitchell TA, Percival TJ, Helsel BS (2015). "Interatrial Bronchogenic Cyst Resection". Ann Thorac Surg. 100 (2): 709–11. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2014.10.025. PMID 26234845.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 DiBardino DM, Brenner K (2017). "Bronchogenic Cyst Abscess". J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol. 24 (3): 31–32. doi:10.1097/LBR.0000000000000375. PMID 28696968.
  12. ↑ Chumakova M, Morris-Stiff G, Khachaturov V, Ibrahim S (2016). "Bronchogenic cyst arising from the crus of the left hemidiaphragm". BMJ Case Rep. 2016. doi:10.1136/bcr-2015-213658. PMC 4840741. PMID 27068723.
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Chen F, Marx S, Zhang C, Cao J, Yu Y, Chen D (2019). "Intramedullary bronchogenic cyst in the foramen magnum region accompanied with syringomyelia: A case report and literature review". Medicine (Baltimore). 98 (5): e14353. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000014353. PMC 6380722. PMID 30702626.
  14. ↑ Mega S (2015). "[Anterior Mediastinal Bronchogenic Cyst Associated with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia ; Report of a Case]". Kyobu Geka. 68 (10): 871–3. PMID 26329634.
  15. ↑ Miwa E, Tani T, Okada Y, Furukawa Y (2017). "A rare cardiac tumor: Bronchogenic cyst of interatrial septum". Echocardiography. 34 (3): 474–475. doi:10.1111/echo.13445. PMID 28139004.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Bian B, Yu M, Liu S, Li S, Wei Y, Zhang B (2019). "A suprasellar bronchogenic cyst: A case report". Medicine (Baltimore). 98 (30): e16650. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000016650. PMC 6709100 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 31348319.
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 Zou MX, Hu JR, Kang YJ, Li J, Lv GH, She XL (2015). "Bronchogenic cyst of the conus medullaris with spinal cord tethering: a case report and review of the literature". Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 8 (4): 3937–42. PMC 4466965. PMID 26097578.
  18. ↑ Lee HD, Han SH, Park SB, Ko Y, Lee KH (2017). "An intradural extramedullary bronchogenic cyst in the thoracolumbar spine: A case report". Medicine (Baltimore). 96 (50): e9263. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000009263. PMC 5815783. PMID 29390371.
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Khawar M, Elmahrouk A, Chaikhouni A (2016). "Air embolism during air flight in a passenger with bronchogenic cyst". J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 152 (1): e1–2. doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2016.02.014. PMID 26969135.
  20. ↑ Xu Q, Feng Y, Ye K, Zhou Y, Zhan R (2015). "Bronchogenic cyst in left anterior cranial fossa". Neurology. 84 (11): 1181–2. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000001368. PMID 25780019.
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 Ribet ME, Copin MC, Gosselin BH (1996). "Bronchogenic cysts of the lung". Ann Thorac Surg. 61 (6): 1636–40. doi:10.1016/0003-4975(96)00172-5. PMID 8651761.
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 22.2 22.3 Yang X, Zong Y, Zhao HY, Wu YD, Ji M (2019). "Complete excision of esophageal bronchogenic cyst by endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection: a case presentation". BMC Gastroenterol. 19 (1): 155. doi:10.1186/s12876-019-1072-3. PMC 6714396 Check |pmc= value (help). PMID 31462259.
  23. ↑ Hayabuchi Y, Sakata M, Kagami S (2015). "Bronchogenic cyst compressing the pulmonary artery and the left atrium". Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 16 (7): 746. doi:10.1093/ehjci/jev059. PMID 25750196.
  24. ↑ Parsons C, Zhao CB, Huang J (2019). "Gigantic Pericardial Bronchogenic Cyst Compressing Superior Vena Cava and Coronary Artery". Anesthesiology. 131 (3): 667. doi:10.1097/ALN.0000000000002739. PMID 31008767.
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 Chuang KH, Huang TW, Cheng YL, Chen JC, Tzao C, Chang H; et al. (2007). "Esophageal bronchogenic cyst: a rare entity". Z Gastroenterol. 45 (9): 958–60. doi:10.1055/s-2007-963069. PMID 17874358.
  26. ↑ Blesneac C, Horvath E, Muntean I, Benedek T, Toganel R (2018). "Intracardiac bronchogenic cyst associated with ventricular septal defect: an extremely rare feature in children". Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging. 19 (9): 1074. doi:10.1093/ehjci/jey078. PMID 29897508.
  27. ↑ Makhija Z, Moir CR, Allen MS, Cassivi SD, Deschamps C, Nichols FC; et al. (2011). "Surgical management of congenital cystic lung malformations in older patients". Ann Thorac Surg. 91 (5): 1568–73, discussion 1573. doi:10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.01.080. PMID 21420068.

Template:WH Template:WS

Retrieved from "https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php?title=Bronchogenic_cyst_overview&oldid=1626205"