Gourmand Syndrome: Difference between revisions
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==Historical Perspective== | ==Historical Perspective== | ||
*There is limited information about the historical perspective of | *There is limited information about the historical perspective of gourmand syndrome. | ||
*Gourmand syndrome is derived from the French word gourmand which means someone who heartily enjoys eating fine food and drink, or simply a food lover; the term “gourmet” is reserved for a food connoisseur. Although commonly not considered a pathology, gourmand eating may sometimes indicate focal brain damage.<ref name="pmid9153440">{{cite journal| author=Regard M, Landis T| title="Gourmand syndrome": eating passion associated with right anterior lesions. | journal=Neurology | year= 1997 | volume= 48 | issue= 5 | pages= 1185-90 | pmid=9153440 | doi=10.1212/wnl.48.5.1185 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9153440 }} </ref> | *Gourmand syndrome is derived from the French word gourmand which means someone who heartily enjoys eating fine food and drink, or simply a food lover; the term “gourmet” is reserved for a food connoisseur. Although commonly not considered a pathology, gourmand eating may sometimes indicate focal brain damage.<ref name="pmid9153440">{{cite journal| author=Regard M, Landis T| title="Gourmand syndrome": eating passion associated with right anterior lesions. | journal=Neurology | year= 1997 | volume= 48 | issue= 5 | pages= 1185-90 | pmid=9153440 | doi=10.1212/wnl.48.5.1185 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9153440 }} </ref> | ||
Revision as of 01:58, 20 July 2020
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Joanna Ekabua, M.D. [2]
Synonyms and keywords:: Gourmand Syndrome
Overview
Gourmand syndrome is a benign, non-disabling eating disorder that arises as a result of a lesion to the right anterior cerebral hemisphere. Gourmand syndrome mainly involves the anterior cortico-limbic regions. Patients with gourmand syndrome are preoccupied with fine food reflecting a reduced cortical control of visceral impulses. Eating behavior that arises as a result of gourmand syndrome does not correlate with any known category of eating disorders.
Prominent cognitive symptoms associated with Gourmand syndrome include
- Visual-spatial dysfunctions.
- Impaired learning and recall of figures
- Recalling of a geometric figure when 90 degrees rotated
- Poor performance in figural fluency and verbal fluency. Twelve
- Left hemispatial neglect
Historical Perspective
- There is limited information about the historical perspective of gourmand syndrome.
- Gourmand syndrome is derived from the French word gourmand which means someone who heartily enjoys eating fine food and drink, or simply a food lover; the term “gourmet” is reserved for a food connoisseur. Although commonly not considered a pathology, gourmand eating may sometimes indicate focal brain damage.[1]
Classification
Pathophysiology
- The pathogenesis of Gourmand syndrome is characterized by a lesion to the right cerebral hemisphere with the involvement of the cortical areas, basal ganglia, or limbic structures.[1]
- Right middle cerebral artery hemorrhagic infarction, including lesion to the right internal capsule and basal ganglia
- Prominent neurologic findings indicate focal right-sided damage. Left-sided hemisyndromes; most frequent were 9 sensory-motor and 6 motor. Left-sided visual field defects (5 hemianopsia, 4 quadrantanopias). Epileptic seizures were recorded in 10 patients (7 complex partial seizure of focal right temporal origin). Neurological status was normal in 12 patients with abnormal mental status.
Clinical Features
- Clinical features of Gourmand syndrome ranges from[1]
Differentiating Gourmand Syndrome From Other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Age
Gender
Race
Risk Factors
Common risk factors in the development of Gourmand syndrome are[1]
- Vascular
- Brain tumor
- Glioma
- Meningioma
- Tuberculoma
- Trauma
- Concussion with haemorrhage
- Epilepsy
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Criteria
Symptoms
Symptoms of Gourmand syndrome may include the following:[1]
- Outgoing and eating-oriented behavior
- Aroused only by conversations about food
- Desires for homemade meals become more precise and exotic
- More concerned by quality rather than quantity of food
- Weight gain
- Depression
- Compulsive episode
- Psyschotic episode
Physical Examination
- Patients with Gourmand syndrome usually appear normal.[1]
- Physical examination may be remarkable for:
- Severe left sensory-motor hemisyndrome
- Left hemispatial neglect
- Impaired figural memory and figural fluency
- Mild extinction of left visual and tactile stimuli
- Left-sided astereognosis
- Poor impulse control
- Hyperverbality
- Disinhibition
- Heightened aggression and drive
- Affective Lability
- Indifference.
Laboratory Findings
Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Prevention
References
Template:WH Template:WS [Category:Neurotrauma]]