Acute kidney failure resident survival guide: Difference between revisions

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==PRE RENAL CAUSES==
==PRE RENAL CAUSES==
* [[Hypovolaemia]]
* Hypovolaemia
: . [[haemorrhage]]
: * [[haemorrhage]]
: . [[volume depletion]]
: * [[volume depletion]]
*  
*  
*  
*  

Revision as of 21:58, 27 July 2020

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Acute Renal Failure is an abrupt reduction in kidney function defined as at-least one of the following:

1. an absolute increase in the serum levels of creatinine of 26.4 μmol/L(0.3mg/dl) or more;

2. a percentage increase in the serum levels of creatinine of more than 50%(1.5 fold increase from baseline); or

3. a reduction in volume of urine output(oliguria <0.5 ml/kg hourly for >6 hours.[1]

Acute renal failure is increasingly common, particularly in elderly population, hospital inpatients, and critically ill patients and it carries a high mortality. The most common cause of in-hospital acute renal failure in acute tubular necrosis resulting from multiple nephrotoxic insults such as sepsis, hypotension, and use of nephrotoxic drugs or radio-contrast media. Patients at risk include elderly people, diabetics, patients with hypertension or vascular disease, and those pre-existing renal impairment.[2]

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

Common Causes

PRE RENAL CAUSES

  • Hypovolaemia
* haemorrhage
* volume depletion

Diagnosis

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the diagnosis of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Treatment

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the treatment of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Do's

  • The content in this section is in bullet points.

Don'ts

  • The content in this section is in bullet points.

References

  1. Hilton R (2011). "Defining acute renal failure". CMAJ. 183 (10): 1167–9. doi:10.1503/cmaj.081170. PMC 3134724. PMID 21624906.
  2. Hilton R (2006). "Acute renal failure". BMJ. 333 (7572): 786–90. doi:10.1136/bmj.38975.657639.AE. PMC 1601981. PMID 17038736.

[1]


Template:WikiDoc Sources

  1. Hilton R (2011). "Defining acute renal failure". CMAJ. 183 (10): 1167–9. doi:10.1503/cmaj.081170. PMC 3134724. PMID 21624906.