Respiratory acidosis resident survival guide

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Qasim Khurshid.M.B.B.S

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions that may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

• Sedative overdose (eg, narcotic or benzodiazepine, some anesthetics, tricyclic antidepressants)
• Epiglottitis
• Foreign body aspiration
• Angioedema
• Pulmonary embolism (usually severe)
• Respiratory muscle fatigue
• Periodic paralysis
• Phrenic nerve injury
• Organophosphates poisoning
• Procainamide toxicity

Common Causes

• Sedative overdose (eg, narcotic or benzodiazepine, some anesthetics, tricyclic antidepressants)
• Encephalitis
• Brainstem disease
• Central and obstructive sleep apnea
• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
• Dynamic hyperinflation (eg, upper and lower airway disorders including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, severe asthma)
• Endstage interstitial lung disease
• Pulmonary embolism (usually severe)
• Thyrotoxicosis
• Foreign body aspiration
• Retropharyngeal disorders
• Obstructive goiter
• Vocal cord paralysis
• Hypophosphatemia
• Hypomagnesemia
• Hyperthyroidism
• Tetanus
• Botulism
• Succinylcholine and neuromuscular blockade

Diagnosis

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Treatment

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Do's

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Don'ts

• The content in this section is in bullet points.

References

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