Chest pain resident survival guide (pediatrics)

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Synonyms and keywords:

Chest pain resident survival guide (pediatrics) Microchapters
Overview
Causes
FIRE
Diagnosis
Treatment
Do's
Don'ts

Overview

This section provides a short and straight to the point overview of the disease or symptom. The first sentence of the overview must contain the name of the disease.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions that may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

• Life threatening cause 1
• Life threatening cause 2
• Life threatening cause 3

Common Causes

• Common cause 1
• Common cause 2
• Common cause 3
• Common cause 4
• Common cause 5

Causes of pediatric chest pain

Cardiac

Musculoskeletal ❑ Muscle pain from overuse Pectoralis major and minor muscle Intercostal muscle Latissimus dorsi muscle Serratus muscle Trapezius muscle ❑Thoracic outlet obstruction ❑Ankylosis spondylitis ❑Spondylolisthesis ❑Discitis ❑Herniated disc ❑Transverse myelitis ❑Costochondritis ❑Tietze syndrome ❑Cervical rib (C7) ❑Slipping rib ❑Precordial catch syndrome ❑Trauma ❑Child abuse ❑Fractured or contused clavicle or ribs ❑Xiphoidalgia ❑Osteomyelitis ❑Rhabdomyosarcoma ❑Myositis

Pulmonary: ❑Reactive airway disease ❑Pneumothorax ❑Pneumonia (viral, bacterial, mycobacterial, fungal) ❑Chronic cough ❑Pleural effusion ❑Pleurodynia ❑Pulmonary embolism ❑Foriegn body aspiration ❑Adenoma, carcinoma

Gastrointestinal: ❑Esophagitis ❑Esophagial diverticulum ❑Esophagial spasm ❑Esophageal rupture (boerhaave syndrome ❑Mallory weiss tear ❑Achalasia ❑Gastrointestinal reflex disease (GERD) ❑Gastritis ❑Peptic ulcer disease ❑Zollinger ellison syndrome ❑Hiatal hernia ❑Foreign body ingestion ❑Cholecystitis ❑Subdiaphragmatic abcess ❑Fitz-hugh-curtis syndrome ❑Pancreatis

Mediastinal tumors: ❑Hodgkin disease ❑T-cell lymphoma ❑Thymoma ❑Thymolipoma ❑Teratoma ❑Germ cell tumor ❑Liposarcoma

Breast disease: ❑Gynecomastia ❑Therarce ❑Mastitis ❑Adenocarcinoma

Miscellaneous: ❑Diabetes mellitus ❑Hyperthyroidism ❑Cystic fibrosis ❑Neurifibromatosis ❑Marfan syndrome ❑Ehler-Danlos syndrome ❑Homocysteinuria ❑Sickle-cell disease with vasoocclusive crisis ❑Shingles ❑Echinococcous ❑Mediterranean fever ❑Spinal cord meningioma ❑Spinal cord compression ❑Hypercoagulation syndrome

Psychiatric: ❑Somatoform disorder ❑Stress ❑Depression ❑Hyperventillation syndrome ❑Panic attack ❑Bulemia nervosa ❑Manchhausen syndrome

Congenital lesions: ❑ Aortic stenosis ❑ Aortic aneurysm with dissection ❑ Subaortic stenosis ❑ Supravalvular aortic stenosis ❑ Ruptured sinus of valsalva ❑ Coarctation of aorta ❑ Anomalous origin of coronary arteries from pulmonary artery ❑ Coronary artery ostial stenosis or atresia ❑ Left coronary artery arising from anterior cusp ❑ Congenital coronary artery aneurysm ❑ Coronary artery fistula ❑ Mitral valva prolapse ❑ Severe pulmonary stenosis ❑ Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia

Acquired lesions: ❑Dilated cardiomyopathy ❑Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ❑Restrictive cardiomyopathy ❑Endocarditis ❑Kawasaki ❑Myocarditis ❑Rheumatic fever ❑Myocardial infarction ❑Coronary vasospasm ❑Accelerated atherosclerosis ❑Dissection of aorta aneurysm (marfan disease) ❑Pericarditis ( infection, inflammation, constriction) ❑Post pericardiothomy syndrome ❑Partial absent of the pericardium ❑Pulmonary hypertension (primary, secondary]] ❑Eisemenger syndrome ❑Takayaso arthritis ❑Cardiac tumor ❑Pericardial neoplasm ❑Cardiac transplant (rejected, accelerated atherosclerosis]]

Arrhythmia: ❑Premature atrial contraction ❑Atrial flutter ❑Atrial fibrillation ❑Supraventricular tachycardia ❑Premature ventricular contraction ❑Ventricular tachycardia

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Complete Diagnostic Approach

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Treatment

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Do's

• The content in this section is in bullet points.

Don'ts

• The content in this section is in bullet points.