Ileus resident survival guide: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
This section provides a short and straight to the point overview of the disease or symptom.  The first sentence of the overview must contain the name of the disease.
[[Ileus]] is defined as reduction in [[intestine|intestinal]] [[motility]] in absence of any [[bowel obstruction|mechanical obstruction]] within the [[intestine]].<ref name="pmid12578422">{{cite journal| author=Luckey A, Livingston E, Taché Y| title=Mechanisms and treatment of postoperative ileus. | journal=Arch Surg | year= 2003 | volume= 138 | issue= 2 | pages= 206-14 | pmid=12578422 | doi=10.1001/archsurg.138.2.206 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12578422 }} </ref> Reduction or cessation of [[intestine|intestinal]] [[peristalsis]] prevent effective transmission of [[intestine|intestinal]] content which leads to [[constipation]] and [[abdominal distension]].<ref name="pmid19399212">{{cite journal| author=Zeinali F, Stulberg JJ, Delaney CP| title=Pharmacological management of postoperative ileus. | journal=Can J Surg | year= 2009 | volume= 52 | issue= 2 | pages= 153-7 | pmid=19399212 | doi= | pmc=2663489 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19399212  }} </ref> 


==Causes==
==Causes==
===Life Threatening Causes===
===Life Threatening Causes===
Life-threatening causes include conditions that may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Untreated [[ileus]] can lead to [[intestine|intestinal]] [[ischemia|tissue ischemia]], which elevates the risk of [[Gastrointestinal perforation|perforation]] and subsequently life threatening peritonitis. 
* [[Life threatening cause 1]]
* [[Life threatening cause 2]]
* [[Life threatening cause 3]]


===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
* [[Common cause 1]]
* [[ileus|Reflectory ileus]] due to [[abdominal surgery|abdominal]], [[Pelvis|pelvic]] or retroperitoneal [[surgery|surgeries]]<ref name="pmid12578422">{{cite journal| author=Luckey A, Livingston E, Taché Y| title=Mechanisms and treatment of postoperative ileus. | journal=Arch Surg | year= 2003 | volume= 138 | issue= 2 | pages= 206-14 | pmid=12578422 | doi=10.1001/archsurg.138.2.206 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12578422  }} </ref>
* [[Common cause 2]]
* [[Medication|Medications]]<ref name="pmid19399212">{{cite journal| author=Zeinali F, Stulberg JJ, Delaney CP| title=Pharmacological management of postoperative ileus. | journal=Can J Surg | year= 2009 | volume= 52 | issue= 2 | pages= 153-7 | pmid=19399212 | doi= | pmc=2663489 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19399212  }} </ref><ref name="pmid28818187">{{cite journal| author=Vilz TO, Stoffels B, Strassburg C, Schild HH, Kalff JC| title=Ileus in Adults. | journal=Dtsch Arztebl Int | year= 2017 | volume= 114 | issue= 29-30 | pages= 508-518 | pmid=28818187 | doi=10.3238/arztebl.2017.0508 | pmc=5569564 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28818187  }} </ref> such as [[narcotic|narcotics]], [[Anticholinergic|anticholinergics]], [[Calcium channel blocker|Calcium channel blockers]] and [[Antipsychotic|antipsychotics]]
* [[Common cause 3]]
* [[General anaesthesia]]<ref name="pmid12578422">{{cite journal| author=Luckey A, Livingston E, Taché Y| title=Mechanisms and treatment of postoperative ileus. | journal=Arch Surg | year= 2003 | volume= 138 | issue= 2 | pages= 206-14 | pmid=12578422 | doi=10.1001/archsurg.138.2.206 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12578422  }} </ref>
* [[Common cause 4]]
* [[Hypokalemia]]<ref name="pmid28818187">{{cite journal| author=Vilz TO, Stoffels B, Strassburg C, Schild HH, Kalff JC| title=Ileus in Adults. | journal=Dtsch Arztebl Int | year= 2017 | volume= 114 | issue= 29-30 | pages= 508-518 | pmid=28818187 | doi=10.3238/arztebl.2017.0508 | pmc=5569564 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28818187  }} </ref>
* [[Common cause 5]]
* [[Diabetes Mellitus]]<ref name="pmid28818187">{{cite journal| author=Vilz TO, Stoffels B, Strassburg C, Schild HH, Kalff JC| title=Ileus in Adults. | journal=Dtsch Arztebl Int | year= 2017 | volume= 114 | issue= 29-30 | pages= 508-518 | pmid=28818187 | doi=10.3238/arztebl.2017.0508 | pmc=5569564 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28818187  }} </ref>
* [[[[intestine|Intestinal]] [[Shock|hypoperfusion]]<ref name="pmid28818187">{{cite journal| author=Vilz TO, Stoffels B, Strassburg C, Schild HH, Kalff JC| title=Ileus in Adults. | journal=Dtsch Arztebl Int | year= 2017 | volume= 114 | issue= 29-30 | pages= 508-518 | pmid=28818187 | doi=10.3238/arztebl.2017.0508 | pmc=5569564 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28818187  }} </ref>


==Diagnosis==
==Diagnosis==

Revision as of 14:21, 22 September 2020


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Synonyms and keywords:

Overview

Ileus is defined as reduction in intestinal motility in absence of any mechanical obstruction within the intestine.[1] Reduction or cessation of intestinal peristalsis prevent effective transmission of intestinal content which leads to constipation and abdominal distension.[2]

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Untreated ileus can lead to intestinal tissue ischemia, which elevates the risk of perforation and subsequently life threatening peritonitis.

Common Causes

Diagnosis

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the diagnosis of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Treatment

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the treatment of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Do's

  • The content in this section is in bullet points.

Don'ts

  • The content in this section is in bullet points.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Luckey A, Livingston E, Taché Y (2003). "Mechanisms and treatment of postoperative ileus". Arch Surg. 138 (2): 206–14. doi:10.1001/archsurg.138.2.206. PMID 12578422.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Zeinali F, Stulberg JJ, Delaney CP (2009). "Pharmacological management of postoperative ileus". Can J Surg. 52 (2): 153–7. PMC 2663489. PMID 19399212.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Vilz TO, Stoffels B, Strassburg C, Schild HH, Kalff JC (2017). "Ileus in Adults". Dtsch Arztebl Int. 114 (29–30): 508–518. doi:10.3238/arztebl.2017.0508. PMC 5569564. PMID 28818187.
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