Dizziness overview: Difference between revisions
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==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
Dizziness is one of the most common complaints in ambulatory care, accounting for nearly 8 million outpatient visits annually in the United States. The incidence of dizziness is approximately 50–100 million worldwide, and around 4.3 million patients in the United States. The lifetime prevalence of dizziness is expected to be 30%. Idiopathic dizziness commonly affects individuals 25 years and older in an emergency department. | |||
==Risk factors== | ==Risk factors== | ||
==Natural history, complications and prognosis== | ==Natural history, complications and prognosis== | ||
Revision as of 23:23, 2 October 2020
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Dizziness overview On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Dizziness overview |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fatimo Biobaku M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Dizziness is a complex and subjective complaint that encompasses a wide spectrum of symptomatology.It is a sensation of postural unsteadiness or deceptive motion. It is one of the most communal presenting complaints that accounts for 5% of primary care practice for individuals aged 65 or older. Dizziness is a nonspecific term mainly used by many people and is classified into different categories: vertigo, spinning, disequilibrium, giddiness, presyncope, faintness, lightheadedness, or feeling woozy.[1] It is one of the most common presenting symptom among patients seen by emergency medical physicians, primary care physicians, neurologists, and otolaryngologists.[1]
Classification
Dizziness may be classified based on the symptoms of the patient into 4 main subtypes including vertigo, presyncope, [[BPPV], and disequilibrium.
Pathophysiology
It is understood that pathophysiology of dizziness depends on the etiological subtype including orthostatic hypotension, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, Menier's disease, Parkinson's disease, hyperventilation syndrome, peripheral neuropathy, and vestibular migraine.
Causes
Dizziness may be caused by hypotension, dehydration, arrhythmia, labyrinthitis, Meniere's disease, stroke, or hypoglycemia. Other causes are based on the organ system such as cardiovascular, neurological, musculoskeletal, dermatological, endocrine, infectious, pulmonological or side effects of the medicine.
Differentiating dizziness from other diseases
Dizziness must be differentiated from other diseases that cause vertigo, nystagmus, and hearing problems, such as vestibular neuritis, HSV oticus, Meniere disease, labyrinrhine concussion, perilymphatic fistula, semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome, vestibular paroxysmia, Cogan syndrome, vestibular schwannoma, otitis media, aminoglycoside toxicity, recurrent vestibulopathy, vestibular migraine, epileptic vertigo, multiple sclerosis, brain tumors, cerebellar infarction/hemorrhage, brain stem ischemia, [[Arnold-Chiari malformation|chiari malformation], presyncope and disequilibrium.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Dizziness is one of the most common complaints in ambulatory care, accounting for nearly 8 million outpatient visits annually in the United States. The incidence of dizziness is approximately 50–100 million worldwide, and around 4.3 million patients in the United States. The lifetime prevalence of dizziness is expected to be 30%. Idiopathic dizziness commonly affects individuals 25 years and older in an emergency department.
Risk factors
Natural history, complications and prognosis
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Chan Y (2009). "Differential diagnosis of dizziness". Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 17 (3): 200–3. doi:10.1097/MOO.0b013e32832b2594. PMID 19365263.