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Acute Leukemia is a malignancy of bone marrow myeloid and lymphoblastic precursor cells, in which these poorly differentiated hematopoietic cells proliferate rapidly. Hence, their accumulation would disrupt the performance of bone marrow to produce normal blood cells | Acute Leukemia is a malignancy of bone marrow myeloid and lymphoblastic precursor cells, in which these poorly differentiated hematopoietic cells proliferate rapidly. Hence, their accumulation would disrupt the performance of bone marrow to produce normal blood cells | ||
[[File:AML_(2).png|200px|thumb|center|wikimedia.org]] | [[File:AML_(2).png|200px|thumb|center|wikimedia.org]] | ||
[[File:ALL2.png|200px|thumb|right|wikimedia.org]] | |||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Revision as of 16:18, 5 October 2020
| Acute leukemia Resident Survival Guide |
|---|
| Overview |
| Causes |
| FIRE |
| Diagnosis |
| Treatment |
| Do's |
| Don'ts |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];
Synonyms and keywords: Acute lymphocytic leukemia, Acute myeloid leukemia, ALL, AML
Overview
Acute Leukemia is a malignancy of bone marrow myeloid and lymphoblastic precursor cells, in which these poorly differentiated hematopoietic cells proliferate rapidly. Hence, their accumulation would disrupt the performance of bone marrow to produce normal blood cells
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Causes
AML and ALL are life-threatening diseases, which would result in death if left untreated. In the majority of cases, etiology is not apparent.
Common Causes of AML
- Gene mutations:FLT3, IDHI, IDH2, KRAS, DNMT3A, NPM1
- Chromosomal translocations
- Benzene or radiation exposure chronically[1]
Common Causes of ALL
FIRE
A Focused Initial Rapid Evaluation (FIRE) should be performed to identify patients in need of immediate intervention.[5]
Boxes in red color signify that an urgent management is needed.
Diagnosis
Treatment
Do's
Don'ts
References
- ↑ Cancer Genome Atlas Research Network. Ley TJ, Miller C, Ding L, Raphael BJ, Mungall AJ; et al. (2013). "Genomic and epigenomic landscapes of adult de novo acute myeloid leukemia". N Engl J Med. 368 (22): 2059–74. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1301689. PMC 3767041. PMID 23634996.