Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococci, GAS)
Disseminated gonococcal disease in adolescents
Neiserria gonorrhoea
SSSS
TSS
Staphylococcus aureus
Lyme disease
Borrelia burgdorferi
Relapsing fever
Borrelia recurrentis
Protozoan
Babesiosis
Babesia microti
Fungal
Histoplasmosis
Blastomycosis
Coccidiodomycosis
Paracoccidiodomycosis
Histoplasma capsulatum
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Coccidioides immitis
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
Fever + Rash Morphology
Disease
Non-blanching lesions
a. Meningococcemia
b. Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)
c. Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)
d. Henoch-Schőnlein Purpura (HSP)
Blanching rash
a. Kawasaki disease
b. Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis
c. Juvenile Dermatomyositis
Vesicular or bullous lesions
a. Erythema multiforme
b. Steven-Johnson-Syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epridermal Necrolysis (TEN)
c. Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS)
d. Disseminated gonococcal disease in adolescents
e. HSV I & II
Umbilicated papules and pustules
a. Molluscum contagiosum
b. Varicella/Chickenpox
Sandpaper rash
a. Scarlet fever
Viral syndromes
a. Measles (Rubeola)
b. Rubella (German measles)
c. Erythema infectiosum (Parvovirus B-19)
d. Herpangina (Coxsackie)
e. Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (Coxsackie)
f. Roseola infantum (Human Herpes Virus types 6 or 7)
Unclassified/Limited to certain geographical areas
a. Babesiosis
b. Blastomycosis
c. Coccidiodomycosis
d. Histoplasmosis
e. Colorado Tick Fever
f. Lyme disease
g. Relapsing fever
h. Colorado Tick Fever
There are several types of skin rashes classified based on size, consistency, color, etc. Below are some of the common ones encountered in clinical practice.
Type of Rash/Lesion
Description
Macule
flat, circumscribed, usually <1cm in diameter
Papule
raised/elevated lesion <1cm in diameter
Maculopapular
combination of both macules and papulus
Nodule
papule in deeper dermis or subcutaneous tissue
Pustule
circumscribed raised lesion containing purulent material
Vesicle
circumscribed elevated skin lesion usually <1cm containing fluid
Bulla
Bigger vesicle (>1cm and containing fluid)
Purpura
non-blanching papules or macules due to extravasation of RBCs
Petechiae
non-blanching pinpoint unraised spots usually measuring <2mm in size