Pancytopenia resident survival guide: Difference between revisions

Pancytopenia Resident Survival Guide Microchapters
Overview
Causes
Diagnosis
Treatment
Do's
Don'ts

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Revision as of 15:16, 14 November 2020

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sanjana Nethagani, M.B.B.S.[2] Synonyms and keywords: Approach to pancytopenia, Approach to anemia

Overview

Pancytopenia is described as a decrease in the 3 cell lines which are red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. Clinically, pancytopenia is defined as hemoglobin< 9gm, white blood cell count< 4,000/cmm and platelets < 100,000/cmm. It can be due to decreased production in the bone marrow or increased destruction of cells in the periphery. Pancytopenia can also be caused due to drugs such as chemotherapy agents. Treatment involves identifying the underlying cause and appropriate therapy.

Causes

Decreased production of cells

Increased peripheral destruction

Other causes

For a full list of pancytopenia causes, click here.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of pancytopenia is outlined in the algorithm below.

Treatment

Do's

Screen for infections like hepatitis, HIV, Parvovirus-B19, Epstein Barr virus, etc.
Periodic, regular blood tests must be done for patients on methotrexate or other marrow suppressing drugs.
Patients who have pancytopenia must be counselled against the use of drugs such as aspirin and other NSAIDs which may cause bleeding.

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+{{SK}} Approach to pancytopenia, Approach to anemia
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+! style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align="left" |[[Pancytopenia resident survival guide#Causes|Causes]]
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+|-
+! style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align="left" |[[Pancytopenia resident survival guide#Don'ts|Don'ts]]
+|}
 ==Overview==
 Pancytopenia is described as a decrease in the 3 cell lines which are [[red blood cell]]s, [[white blood cell]]s and [[platelet]]s. Clinically, pancytopenia is defined as  [[hemoglobin]]< 9gm, [[white blood cell]] count< 4,000/cmm and [[platelet]]s < 100,000/cmm.  It can be due to decreased production in the bone marrow or increased destruction of cells in the periphery. Pancytopenia can also be caused due to drugs such as [[chemotherapy]] agents. Treatment involves identifying the underlying cause and appropriate therapy.