Gestational hypertension resident survival guide: Difference between revisions

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==Causes==
==Causes==
===Life Threatening Causes===
The cause of gestational hypertension is unknown. Some conditions may increase the risk of developing the condition, including the following:
Life-threatening causes include conditions that may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
 
* [[Life threatening cause 1]]
* Pre-existing hypertension (high blood pressure)
* [[Life threatening cause 2]]
* Kidney disease
* [[Life threatening cause 3]]
* Diabetes
* Hypertension with a previous pregnancy
* Mother's age younger than 20 or older than 40
* Multiple fetuses (twins, triplets)
* African-American race
 


===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===

Revision as of 23:59, 26 December 2020


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Synonyms and keywords: Pregnancy-induced hypertension; PIH; gestational hypertension; pre-eclampsia

Overview

Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) or gestational hypertension, is defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) >140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) >90 mmHg in pregnant woman who had normal blood pressure prior to 20 weeks and has no proteinuria (excess protein in the urine). It is classified as mild (SBP 140-149 and DBP 90-99 mmHg), moderate (SBP 150-159 and DBP 100-109 mmHg), and severe (SBP ≥160 and DBP ≥110 mmHg). It is about 6-10% of pregnancies. The WHO classified PIH is one of the main causes of maternal, fetal, and neonatal mortality and morbidity[1].gestational hypertension is one of the most common medical disorders affecting pregnancy. The most serious maternal complications of gestational hypertension include intracerebral hemorrhage, eclampsia, and renal failure, as well as hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES).[2]

Causes

The cause of gestational hypertension is unknown. Some conditions may increase the risk of developing the condition, including the following:

  • Pre-existing hypertension (high blood pressure)
  • Kidney disease
  • Diabetes
  • Hypertension with a previous pregnancy
  • Mother's age younger than 20 or older than 40
  • Multiple fetuses (twins, triplets)
  • African-American race


Common Causes

Diagnosis

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the diagnosis of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Treatment

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the treatment of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Do's

  • The content in this section is in bullet points.

Don'ts

  • The content in this section is in bullet points.

References

  1. Kintiraki E, Papakatsika S, Kotronis G, Goulis DG, Kotsis V (2015). "Pregnancy-Induced hypertension". Hormones (Athens). 14 (2): 211–23. doi:10.14310/horm.2002.1582. PMID 26158653.
  2. Marik PE (2009). "Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy". Postgrad Med. 121 (2): 69–76. doi:10.3810/pgm.2009.03.1978. PMID 19332964.


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