Sinusitis resident survival guide (pediatrics): Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Since inflammation of the sinuses rarely occurs without concurrent inflammation of the nasal mucosa, the term "rhinosinusitis" is preferred to "sinusitis" which is defined as inflammation of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Infections in the respiratory tract — most commonly colds — can inflame and thicken in sinus membranes and block mucus drainage. These infections can be viral, bacterial, or fungal. Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is defined as symptomatic inflammation of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses lasting less than four weeks. Acute viral rhinosinusitis (AVRS) focuses on symptomatic management as it typically resolves within 7 to 10 days. Acute bacterial sinusitis is a complication of viral upper respiratory infection (URI) or allergic inflammation. Acute sinusitis has been observed that between 6% and 7% of children seeking care for respiratory symptoms have an illness. | Since inflammation of the sinuses rarely occurs without concurrent inflammation of the nasal mucosa, the term "rhinosinusitis" is preferred to "sinusitis" which is defined as inflammation of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Infections in the respiratory tract — most commonly colds — can inflame and thicken in sinus membranes and block mucus drainage. These infections can be viral, bacterial, or fungal. Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is defined as symptomatic inflammation of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses lasting less than four weeks. Acute viral rhinosinusitis (AVRS) focuses on symptomatic management as it typically resolves within 7 to 10 days. Acute bacterial sinusitis is a complication of viral upper respiratory infection (URI) or allergic inflammation. Acute sinusitis has been observed that between 6% and 7% of children seeking care for respiratory symptoms have an illness. The most common bacteria that cause acute sinusitis include; Streptococcus pneumonia , Haemophilus influenza, Moraxella catarrhalis. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
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* [[Aspirin sensitivity]] | * [[Aspirin sensitivity]] | ||
* [[ Prolonged intubation lead to nosocomial bacterial sinusitis ]] | * [[ Prolonged intubation lead to nosocomial bacterial sinusitis ]] | ||
*[[Nose injury]] | |||
*[[Foreign object in the nose]] | |||
*[[Birth defect]] with an abnormality of the roof of the mouth ([[cleft palate]]) | |||
* Problem with [[stomach acids]] ([[gastroesophageal reflux]] disease, or GERD) | |||
*[[Cystic fibrosis]] and [[immunodeficiency syndromes]] | |||
Immune problems or antibody deficiencies are risks for chronic sinus conditions | |||
==Complete Diagnostic Approach== | ==Complete Diagnostic Approach== | ||
Revision as of 17:14, 4 April 2021
 |
Resident Survival Guide |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Samah Obaiah, MD[2]
Synonyms and keywords:
| Sinusitis resident survival guide (pediatrics) Microchapters |
|---|
| Overview |
| Causes |
| FIRE |
| Diagnosis |
| Treatment |
| Do's |
| Don'ts |
Overview
Since inflammation of the sinuses rarely occurs without concurrent inflammation of the nasal mucosa, the term "rhinosinusitis" is preferred to "sinusitis" which is defined as inflammation of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Infections in the respiratory tract — most commonly colds — can inflame and thicken in sinus membranes and block mucus drainage. These infections can be viral, bacterial, or fungal. Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is defined as symptomatic inflammation of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses lasting less than four weeks. Acute viral rhinosinusitis (AVRS) focuses on symptomatic management as it typically resolves within 7 to 10 days. Acute bacterial sinusitis is a complication of viral upper respiratory infection (URI) or allergic inflammation. Acute sinusitis has been observed that between 6% and 7% of children seeking care for respiratory symptoms have an illness. The most common bacteria that cause acute sinusitis include; Streptococcus pneumonia , Haemophilus influenza, Moraxella catarrhalis.
Causes
Common Causes
- A viral infection
- Bacterial infection
- Fungal infection
- Allergic sinusitis
- Nasal polyps
- Deviated nasal septum
- Immune system-related diseases can lead to nasal blockage
- A dental infection
- Aspirin sensitivity
- Prolonged intubation lead to nosocomial bacterial sinusitis
- Nose injury
- Foreign object in the nose
- Birth defect with an abnormality of the roof of the mouth (cleft palate)
- Problem with stomach acids (gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD)
- Cystic fibrosis and immunodeficiency syndromes
Immune problems or antibody deficiencies are risks for chronic sinus conditions
Complete Diagnostic Approach
Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the diagnosis of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.
Symptoms of acute rhinosinusitis:-
Purulent anterior nasal discharge Purulent or discolored posterior nasal discharge Nasal congestion or obstruction Facial congestion or fullness Hyposmia or anosmia Fever Headache Ear pain, pressure, or fullness Halitosis Dental painFatigue | |||||||||||||||||
Treatment
Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the treatment of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.
Do's
- The content in this section is in bullet points.
Don'ts
- The content in this section is in bullet points.