Hepatitis C risk factors: Difference between revisions
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Percutaneous exposure to blood is the primary mode of HCV transmission. | Percutaneous exposure to blood is the primary mode of HCV transmission. | ||
The following are the most important risk factors for HCV infection:<ref name="pmid17552026">{{cite journal| author=Alter MJ| title=Epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection. | journal=World J Gastroenterol | year= 2007 | volume= 13 | issue= 17 | pages= 2436-41 | pmid=17552026 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17552026 }} </ref><ref name="Kaplan2020">{{cite journal|last1=Kaplan|first1=David E.|title=Hepatitis C Virus|journal=Annals of Internal Medicine|volume=173|issue=5|year=2020|pages=ITC33–ITC48|issn=0003-4819|doi=10.7326/AITC202009010}}</ref>: | The following are the most important risk factors for HCV infection:<ref name="pmid17552026">{{cite journal| author=Alter MJ| title=Epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection. | journal=World J Gastroenterol | year= 2007 | volume= 13 | issue= 17 | pages= 2436-41 | pmid=17552026 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17552026 }} </ref><ref name="Kaplan2020">{{cite journal|last1=Kaplan|first1=David E.|title=Hepatitis C Virus|journal=Annals of Internal Medicine|volume=173|issue=5|year=2020|pages=ITC33–ITC48|issn=0003-4819|doi=10.7326/AITC202009010}}</ref>: | ||
* Individuals are majorly infected via [[percutaneous]] exposure to infected [[blood]]. Most persons with HCV were [[infected]]. | |||
*'''Injecting drug use''' is the most important risk factor nowadays | *'''Injecting drug use''' is the most important risk factor nowadays | ||
*'''Transfusion of blood and blood products''', especially before 1992 | *'''Transfusion of blood and blood products''', especially before 1992 | ||
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*Solid organ [[transplantation]] from infected donors | *Solid organ [[transplantation]] from infected donors | ||
*Occupational exposure to blood, such as contaminated needle sticks | *Occupational exposure to blood, such as contaminated needle sticks | ||
*Birth to infected mother in cases of detectable maternal [[HCV PCR]] at [[delivery]] | *Birth to infected mother in cases of detectable maternal [[HCV PCR]] at [[delivery]] (at the rate of 4%–5%). [[Breastfeeding]] is not associated with the [[transmission]]. | ||
*Sexual intercourse with infected partner | *Sexual intercourse with infected partner | ||
*Sexual intercourse with multiple partners | *Sexual intercourse with multiple partners | ||
Revision as of 18:41, 19 May 2021
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Hepatitis C |
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Hepatitis C risk factors On the Web |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, Serge Korjian
Overview
The most potent risk factor in the development of hepatitis C is intravenous drug use. Other risk factors include occupational exposure to blood, sexual intercourse with infected individuals, multiple blood transfusions prior to 1992, and HIV infection.
Risk Factors
Percutaneous exposure to blood is the primary mode of HCV transmission. The following are the most important risk factors for HCV infection:[1][2]:
- Individuals are majorly infected via percutaneous exposure to infected blood. Most persons with HCV were infected.
- Injecting drug use is the most important risk factor nowadays
- Transfusion of blood and blood products, especially before 1992
- Unsafe therapeutic injections, especially in hemophilia patients prior to 1987
Other, less important risk factors include:[1][2]
- Hemodialysis (Higher rates of infection are observed)
- Solid organ transplantation from infected donors
- Occupational exposure to blood, such as contaminated needle sticks
- Birth to infected mother in cases of detectable maternal HCV PCR at delivery (at the rate of 4%–5%). Breastfeeding is not associated with the transmission.
- Sexual intercourse with infected partner
- Sexual intercourse with multiple partners
- HIV infection
- Tattoo or piercing with infected needle sticks (low risk for transmission after strict infection control measures)