Mental retardation differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions

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== Differential Diagnosis ==
== Differential Diagnosis ==
 
*[[Neurocognitive]] disorders <ref>{{cite journal|title=Neurodevelopmental Disorders|year=2013|doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01}}</ref>
In alphabetical order.<ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016</ref><ref>Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X</ref><ref>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref>
*Communication Disorder <ref>{{cite journal|title=Neurodevelopmental Disorders|year=2013|doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01}}</ref>
 
* [[Specific Learning]] Disorder <ref>{{cite journal|title=Neurodevelopmental Disorders|year=2013|doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01}}</ref>
* Adrenoleukodystrophy
* [[Autism Spectrum Disorder]] <ref>{{cite journal|title=Neurodevelopmental Disorders|year=2013|doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01}}</ref>
* [[Angelman Syndrome]]
*[[Down Syndrome]] <ref>{{cite journal|title=Neurodevelopmental Disorders|year=2013|doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01}}</ref>
* Autism spectrum disorder
*[[DiGeorge Syndrome]] <ref>{{cite journal|title=Neurodevelopmental Disorders|year=2013|doi=10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01}}</ref>
* Communication disorders and specific learning disorder
* Congenital hypothyroidism
* [[Cri du chat syndrome]]
* [[Cytomegalovirus]]
* Deprivation syndrome
* [[Down's Syndrome]]
* [[Encephalitis]]
* [[Fragile X syndrome]]
* Galactosemia
* High bilirubin levels in babies
* [[HIV]] infection
* [[Hunter syndrome]]
* [[Hurler syndrome]]
* [[Ddx:Hypoglycemia|Hypoglycemia]]
* Idiopathic
* [[Ddx:Intracranial Bleeding|Intracranial hemorrhage]]
* Intrauterine exposure to toxins
* Lack of oxygen
* [[Lesch-Nyhan's syndrome]]
* Listeriosis
* Low socioeconomic status
* Major and mild neurocognitive disorders
* [[Meningitis]]
* Metachromatic leukodystrophy
* Phenylketonuria
* [[Prader-Willi Syndrome]]
* [[Rett Syndrome]]
* [[Reye's Syndrome]]
* [[Rubella]]
* [[Sanfilippo syndrome]]
* [[Toxoplasmosis]]
* Trauma after birth
* Trauma before birth
* Trauma during birth
* [[Tuberous Sclerosis]]


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 13:06, 19 July 2021

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chelsea Mae Nobleza, M.D.[2]

Overview

[Disease name] must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [clinical feature 1], [clinical feature 2], and [clinical feature 3], such as [differential dx1], [differential dx2], and [differential dx3].

OR

[Disease name] must be differentiated from [[differential dx1], [differential dx2], and [differential dx3].

Differentiating [Disease name] from other Diseases

  1. Neurocognitive disorders – there is loss of cognitive functioning in these cases.
  2. Specific learning disorder and language disorders – compared to individuals with ID, these individuals have deficits in communication and learning aspects but with normal intellect and adaptive function.
  3. Autism spectrum disorder – social development and language deficits are the hallmark of autism spectrum patients and have normal motor development.

Possible hearing and visual impairments should be ruled out in diagnosing intellectual disability. [1] [2]

Differential Diagnosis

References

  1. ↑ Patel, Dilip R.; Apple, Roger; Kanungo, Shibani; Akkal, Ashley (2018). "Intellectual disability: definitions, evaluation and principles of treatment". Pediatric Medicine. 1: 11–11. doi:10.21037/pm.2018.12.02. ISSN 2617-5428.
  2. ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.
  3. ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.
  4. ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.
  5. ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.
  6. ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.
  7. ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.
  8. ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.

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