Mental retardation differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
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Intellectual disability must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [[cognitive]] deficits such as [[neurocognitive]] disorders or [[brain]] injury, [[specific learning]] disorders, or [[genetic]] conditions that are characterized by [[mental retardation]]. | Intellectual disability must be differentiated from other diseases that cause [[cognitive]] deficits such as [[neurocognitive]] disorders or [[brain]] injury, [[specific learning]] disorders, or [[genetic]] conditions that are characterized by [[mental retardation]]. | ||
==Differentiating | ==Differentiating Mental Retardation from other Diseases== | ||
#[[Neurocognitive disorders]] – there is loss of [[cognitive]] functioning in these cases. | #[[Neurocognitive disorders]] – there is loss of [[cognitive]] functioning in these cases. | ||
#[[Specific learning disorder]] and [[language disorders]] – compared to individuals with ID, these individuals have [[deficits]] in [[communication]] and [[learning]] aspects but with [[normal]] [[intellect]] and [[adaptive]] [[function]]. | #[[Specific learning disorder]] and [[language disorders]] – compared to individuals with ID, these individuals have [[deficits]] in [[communication]] and [[learning]] aspects but with [[normal]] [[intellect]] and [[adaptive]] [[function]]. | ||
Latest revision as of 02:11, 29 July 2021
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chelsea Mae Nobleza, M.D.[2]
Overview
Intellectual disability must be differentiated from other diseases that cause cognitive deficits such as neurocognitive disorders or brain injury, specific learning disorders, or genetic conditions that are characterized by mental retardation.
Differentiating Mental Retardation from other Diseases
- Neurocognitive disorders – there is loss of cognitive functioning in these cases.
- Specific learning disorder and language disorders – compared to individuals with ID, these individuals have deficits in communication and learning aspects but with normal intellect and adaptive function.
- Autism spectrum disorder – social development and language deficits are the hallmark of autism spectrum patients and have normal motor development.
Possible hearing and visual impairments should be ruled out in diagnosing intellectual disability. [1] [2]
Differential Diagnosis
- Neurocognitive disorders [3]
- Communication Disorder [4]
- Specific Learning Disorder [5]
- Autism Spectrum Disorder [6]
- Down Syndrome [7]
- DiGeorge Syndrome [8]
References
- ↑ Patel, Dilip R.; Apple, Roger; Kanungo, Shibani; Akkal, Ashley (2018). "Intellectual disability: definitions, evaluation and principles of treatment". Pediatric Medicine. 1: 11–11. doi:10.21037/pm.2018.12.02. ISSN 2617-5428.
- ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.
- ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.
- ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.
- ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.
- ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.
- ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.
- ↑ "Neurodevelopmental Disorders". 2013. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.dsm01.