Bacterial pneumonia epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
*Pneumonia is a condition seen in the vast majority of regions, but cases rates have been disproportionally higher in low and middle income nations, including the sub-Saharan African and South Asian regions. | *Pneumonia is a condition seen in the vast majority of regions, but cases rates have been disproportionally higher in low and middle income nations, including the sub-Saharan African and South Asian regions.<ref name="pmid27633638">{{cite journal| author=Roomaney RA, Pillay-van Wyk V, Awotiwon OF, Dhansay A, Groenewald P, Joubert JD | display-authors=etal| title=Epidemiology of lower respiratory infection and pneumonia in South Africa (1997-2015): a systematic review protocol. | journal=BMJ Open | year= 2016 | volume= 6 | issue= 9 | pages= e012154 | pmid=27633638 | doi=10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012154 | pmc=5030548 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27633638 }} </ref> | ||
*Pneumonia case rates are primarily affected by factors relating to seasonal variations. Studies show that a majority of ''Streptococcus pneumoniae'' cases were most prevalent during the winter, whereas far fewer cases presented in the summertime in comparison.<ref name="pmid23305778">{{cite journal| author=Herrera-Lara S, Fernández-Fabrellas E, Cervera-Juan Á, Blanquer-Olivas R| title=Do seasonal changes and climate influence the etiology of community acquired pneumonia? | journal=Arch Bronconeumol | year= 2013 | volume= 49 | issue= 4 | pages= 140-5 | pmid=23305778 | doi=10.1016/j.arbres.2012.11.001 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23305778 }} </ref>. Specifications regarding geography are of considerable importance in regards to fungal pneumonia<ref name="pmid28613500">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2021 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=28613500 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>. | *Pneumonia case rates are primarily affected by factors relating to seasonal variations. Studies show that a majority of ''Streptococcus pneumoniae'' cases were most prevalent during the winter, whereas far fewer cases presented in the summertime in comparison.<ref name="pmid23305778">{{cite journal| author=Herrera-Lara S, Fernández-Fabrellas E, Cervera-Juan Á, Blanquer-Olivas R| title=Do seasonal changes and climate influence the etiology of community acquired pneumonia? | journal=Arch Bronconeumol | year= 2013 | volume= 49 | issue= 4 | pages= 140-5 | pmid=23305778 | doi=10.1016/j.arbres.2012.11.001 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23305778 }} </ref>. Specifications regarding geography are of considerable importance in regards to fungal pneumonia<ref name="pmid28613500">{{cite journal| author=| title=StatPearls | journal= | year= 2021 | volume= | issue= | pages= | pmid=28613500 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>. | ||
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Overview
- Pneumonia is a condition seen in the vast majority of regions, but cases rates have been disproportionally higher in low and middle income nations, including the sub-Saharan African and South Asian regions.[1]
- Pneumonia case rates are primarily affected by factors relating to seasonal variations. Studies show that a majority of Streptococcus pneumoniae cases were most prevalent during the winter, whereas far fewer cases presented in the summertime in comparison.[2]. Specifications regarding geography are of considerable importance in regards to fungal pneumonia[3].
Incidence
- Approximately 5 million people are affected every year in the United States alone, with outpatients making up the majority at 80% but having a low mortality rate of 1%. Up to half of the patients that are admitted into hospitals succumb to the disease.[4]
- Worldwide, the incidence of community acquired pneumonia averages 1.5-14 cases per every 1000 individuals.[3]
- The incidence in the United States is approximately 25 cases per 10,000 adults.[3]
References
- ↑ Roomaney RA, Pillay-van Wyk V, Awotiwon OF, Dhansay A, Groenewald P, Joubert JD; et al. (2016). "Epidemiology of lower respiratory infection and pneumonia in South Africa (1997-2015): a systematic review protocol". BMJ Open. 6 (9): e012154. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2016-012154. PMC 5030548. PMID 27633638.
- ↑ Herrera-Lara S, Fernández-Fabrellas E, Cervera-Juan Á, Blanquer-Olivas R (2013). "Do seasonal changes and climate influence the etiology of community acquired pneumonia?". Arch Bronconeumol. 49 (4): 140–5. doi:10.1016/j.arbres.2012.11.001. PMID 23305778.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "StatPearls". 2021. PMID 28613500.
- ↑ "StatPearls". 2021. PMID 30020693.