Adult brain tumors: Difference between revisions
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*'''WHO grade IV''' includes lesions that are mitotically active, necrosis-prone, and generally associated with a rapid preoperative and postoperative evolution of disease. | *'''WHO grade IV''' includes lesions that are mitotically active, necrosis-prone, and generally associated with a rapid preoperative and postoperative evolution of disease. | ||
=== Neuroepithelial tumors | === Neuroepithelial tumors=== | ||
==== Glial tumors | ==== Glial tumors==== | ||
* Astrocytic tumors. | * Astrocytic tumors. | ||
:* Pilocytic astrocytoma. | :* Pilocytic astrocytoma. | ||
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:* Chordoid glioma of the third ventricle. | :* Chordoid glioma of the third ventricle. | ||
:* Gliomatosis cerebri. | :* Gliomatosis cerebri. | ||
==== Neuronal and mixed neuronal-glial tumors (some glial component may be present) | ==== Neuronal and mixed neuronal-glial tumors (some glial component may be present)==== | ||
* Gangliocytoma. | * Gangliocytoma. | ||
* Ganglioglioma. | * Ganglioglioma. | ||
| Line 59: | Line 59: | ||
* Cerebellar liponeurocytoma. | * Cerebellar liponeurocytoma. | ||
* Paraganglioma. | * Paraganglioma. | ||
==== Nonglial tumors | ==== Nonglial tumors==== | ||
* Embryonal tumors. | * Embryonal tumors. | ||
:* Ependymoblastoma. | :* Ependymoblastoma. | ||
| Line 71: | Line 71: | ||
:* Pineocytoma. | :* Pineocytoma. | ||
:* Pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation. | :* Pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation. | ||
=== Meningeal tumors | === Meningeal tumors=== | ||
* Meningioma. | * Meningioma. | ||
* Hemangiopericytoma. | * Hemangiopericytoma. | ||
* Melanocytic lesion. | * Melanocytic lesion. | ||
=== Germ cell tumors | === Germ cell tumors=== | ||
* Germinoma. | * Germinoma. | ||
* Embryonal carcinoma. | * Embryonal carcinoma. | ||
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* Teratoma. | * Teratoma. | ||
* Mixed germ cell tumor. | * Mixed germ cell tumor. | ||
=== Tumors of the sellar region | === Tumors of the sellar region=== | ||
* Pituitary adenoma. | * Pituitary adenoma. | ||
* Pituitary carcinoma. | * Pituitary carcinoma. | ||
* Craniopharyngioma. | * Craniopharyngioma. | ||
=== Tumors of uncertain histogenesis | === Tumors of uncertain histogenesis=== | ||
* Capillary hemangioblastoma. | * Capillary hemangioblastoma. | ||
===Primary CNS lymphoma | ===Primary CNS lymphoma=== | ||
===Tumors of peripheral nerves that affect the CNS | ===Tumors of peripheral nerves that affect the CNS=== | ||
* Schwannoma. | * Schwannoma. | ||
===Metastatic tumors | ===Metastatic tumors=== | ||
Revision as of 20:57, 11 January 2009
| Adult brain tumors |
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The WHO grading of CNS tumors establishes a malignancy scale based on histologic features of the tumor. The histologic grades are as follows:
- WHO grade I includes lesions with low proliferative potential, a frequently discrete nature, and the possibility of cure following surgical resection alone.
- WHO grade II includes lesions that are generally infiltrating and low in mitotic activity but recur. Some tumor types tend to progress to higher grades of malignancy.
- WHO grade III includes lesions with histologic evidence of malignancy, generally in the form of mitotic activity, clearly expressed infiltrative capabilities, and anaplasia.
- WHO grade IV includes lesions that are mitotically active, necrosis-prone, and generally associated with a rapid preoperative and postoperative evolution of disease.
Neuroepithelial tumors
Glial tumors
- Astrocytic tumors.
- Pilocytic astrocytoma.
- Diffuse astrocytoma (including fibrillary, protoplasmic, and gemistocytic).
- Anaplastic astrocytoma.
- Glioblastoma (including giant cell glioblastoma, and gliosarcoma).
- Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma.
- Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma.
- Oligodendroglial tumors.
- Oligodendroglioma.
- Anaplastic oligodendroglioma.
- Mixed gliomas.
- Oligoastrocytoma.
- Anaplastic oligoastrocytoma.
- Ependymal tumors.
- Myxopapillary ependymoma.
- Subependymoma.
- Ependymoma (including cellular, papillary, clear cell, and tanycytic).
- Anaplastic ependymoma.
- Neuroepithelial tumors of uncertain origin.
- Astroblastoma.
- Chordoid glioma of the third ventricle.
- Gliomatosis cerebri.
Neuronal and mixed neuronal-glial tumors (some glial component may be present)
- Gangliocytoma.
- Ganglioglioma.
- Desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma/ganglioglioma.
- Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor.
- Central neurocytoma.
- Cerebellar liponeurocytoma.
- Paraganglioma.
Nonglial tumors
- Embryonal tumors.
- Ependymoblastoma.
- Medulloblastoma.
- Supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET).
- Choroid plexus tumors.
- Choroid plexus papilloma.
- Choroid plexus carcinoma.
- Pineal parenchymal tumors.
- Pineoblastoma.
- Pineocytoma.
- Pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation.
Meningeal tumors
- Meningioma.
- Hemangiopericytoma.
- Melanocytic lesion.
Germ cell tumors
- Germinoma.
- Embryonal carcinoma.
- Yolk-sac tumor (endodermal-sinus tumor).
- Choriocarcinoma.
- Teratoma.
- Mixed germ cell tumor.
Tumors of the sellar region
- Pituitary adenoma.
- Pituitary carcinoma.
- Craniopharyngioma.
Tumors of uncertain histogenesis
- Capillary hemangioblastoma.
Primary CNS lymphoma
Tumors of peripheral nerves that affect the CNS
- Schwannoma.
Metastatic tumors