Anophthalmia: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 37: | Line 37: | ||
==Treatments== | ==Treatments== | ||
There is no treatment for severe anophthalmia or microphthalmia that will create a new eye or restore vision. However, some less severe forms of microphthalmia may benefit from medical or surgical treatments. In almost all cases improvements to a child's appearance are possible. | |||
Children can be fitted for a prosthetic (artificial) eye for cosmetic purposes and to promote socket growth. A newborn with anophthalmia or microphthalmia will need to visit several eye care professionals, including those who specialize in pediatrics, vitreoretinal disease, orbital and oculoplastic surgery, ophthalmic genetics, and prosthetic devices for the eye. Each specialist can provide information and possible treatments resulting in the best care for the child and family. | |||
The specialist in prosthetic diseases for the eye will make conformers, plastic structures that help support the face and encourage the eye socket to grow. As the face develops, new conformers will need to be made. A child with anophthalmia may also need to use expanders in addition to conformers to further enlarge the eye socket. Once the face is fully developed, prosthetic eyes can be made and placed. Prosthetic eyes will not restore vision. | |||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
Revision as of 04:33, 6 March 2009
| Anophthalmia | |
| ICD-10 | Q11.0-Q11.1 |
|---|---|
| DiseasesDB | 29617 |
| eMedicine | oph/572 |
|
WikiDoc Resources for Anophthalmia |
|
Articles |
|---|
|
Most recent articles on Anophthalmia Most cited articles on Anophthalmia |
|
Media |
|
Powerpoint slides on Anophthalmia |
|
Evidence Based Medicine |
|
Clinical Trials |
|
Ongoing Trials on Anophthalmia at Clinical Trials.gov Clinical Trials on Anophthalmia at Google
|
|
Guidelines / Policies / Govt |
|
US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Anophthalmia
|
|
Books |
|
News |
|
Commentary |
|
Definitions |
|
Patient Resources / Community |
|
Patient resources on Anophthalmia Discussion groups on Anophthalmia Patient Handouts on Anophthalmia Directions to Hospitals Treating Anophthalmia Risk calculators and risk factors for Anophthalmia
|
|
Healthcare Provider Resources |
|
Causes & Risk Factors for Anophthalmia |
|
Continuing Medical Education (CME) |
|
International |
|
|
|
Business |
|
Experimental / Informatics |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Please Take Over This Page and Apply to be Editor-In-Chief for this topic: There can be one or more than one Editor-In-Chief. You may also apply to be an Associate Editor-In-Chief of one of the subtopics below. Please mail us [2] to indicate your interest in serving either as an Editor-In-Chief of the entire topic or as an Associate Editor-In-Chief for a subtopic. Please be sure to attach your CV and or biographical sketch.
Synonyms and Related Keywords: Anophthalmos and microphthalmos, small eye syndrome
Overview
Anophthalmia, also known as anophthalmos (Greek: ανόφθαλμος, "without eye"), is the congenital absence of one or both eyes.
Prevalence
True or primary anophthalmos is very rare. Only when there is complete absence of the ocular tissue within the orbit can the diagnosis of true anophthalmos be made. Extreme microphthalmos is seen more commonly. In this condition, a very small globe is present within the orbital soft tissue, which is not visible on initial examination.
There are three classifications for this condition.
- Primary anophthalmia is a complete absence of eye tissue due to a failure of the part of the brain that forms the eye.
- Secondary anophthalmia the eye starts to develop and for some reason stops, leaving the infant with only residual eye tissue or extremely tiny eyes which can only be seen under close examination.
- Degenerative anophthalmia the eye started to form and, for some reason, degenerated. One reason for this occurring could be a lack of blood supply to the eye.
Causes
Anophthalmia and microphthalmia may occur secondary to the arrest of development of the eye at various stages of growth of the optic vesicle. It is important to recognize microphthalmia because the development of the orbital region, as well as the lids and fornices, is dependent on the presence of a normal-sized eye in utero.
Treatments
There is no treatment for severe anophthalmia or microphthalmia that will create a new eye or restore vision. However, some less severe forms of microphthalmia may benefit from medical or surgical treatments. In almost all cases improvements to a child's appearance are possible.
Children can be fitted for a prosthetic (artificial) eye for cosmetic purposes and to promote socket growth. A newborn with anophthalmia or microphthalmia will need to visit several eye care professionals, including those who specialize in pediatrics, vitreoretinal disease, orbital and oculoplastic surgery, ophthalmic genetics, and prosthetic devices for the eye. Each specialist can provide information and possible treatments resulting in the best care for the child and family.
The specialist in prosthetic diseases for the eye will make conformers, plastic structures that help support the face and encourage the eye socket to grow. As the face develops, new conformers will need to be made. A child with anophthalmia may also need to use expanders in addition to conformers to further enlarge the eye socket. Once the face is fully developed, prosthetic eyes can be made and placed. Prosthetic eyes will not restore vision.
External links
- Anophthalmia and Microphthalmia Resource Guide from the National Eye Institute (NEI).
- anophthalmia-ov at NIH/UW GeneTests
Template:Congenital malformations and deformations of eye, ear, face and neck