Pholcodine

Pholcodine

Clinical data
Pregnancy category	AU: A
Dependence liability	Low
Routes of administration	Oral
ATC code	R05DA08 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	UK: Class B OTC (UK)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Protein binding	?
Metabolism	Hepatic
Elimination half-life	?
Excretion	Renal
Identifiers
IUPAC name 7,8-didehydro-4,5α-epoxy-17-methyl-3-[2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethoxy]morphinan-6α-ol
CAS Number	509-67-1
PubChem CID	?
DrugBank	?
E number	{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard	{{#property:P2566}}
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C23H30N2O4
Molar mass	398.55 g/mol

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Overview

Pholcodine is a modified opiate cough suppressant (antitussive) that acts primarily on the central nervous system (CNS) causing depression of the cough reflex, partly by a direct effect on the cough centre in the medulla. It also has a mild sedative effect, yet has little or no analgesic action. It is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and freely crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is metabolized in the liver and its action may be prolonged in hepatic insufficiency. Pholcodine is found in cough lozenges. It helps suppress unproductive coughs and acts an antifungal agent.

Side effects

Side effects are rare and may include dizziness and gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea or vomiting.

Adverse effects such as constipation, drowsiness, excitation, ataxia and respiratory depression have been reported occasionally or after large doses.

See also

Other cough suppressants

• Codeine
• Hydrocodone
• Dextromethorphan

External links

• Australian Therapeutic Goods Admission document on Pholcodine (Rich Text Format)