IgA nephropathy (patient information): Difference between revisions
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{{ | {{CMG}}; '''Assistant Editor-In-Chief:''' Erin E. Lord | ||
==Overview== | |||
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Nephropathy refers to damage, disease , or other abnormalities of the kidney. IgA nephropathy is a kidney disorder in which [[antibodies]] to a protein called [[IgA]] build up in kidney tissue. | Nephropathy refers to damage, disease , or other abnormalities of the kidney. IgA nephropathy is a kidney disorder in which [[antibodies]] to a protein called [[IgA]] build up in kidney tissue. | ||
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* Symptoms of chronic kidney disease | * Symptoms of chronic kidney disease | ||
==What | ==What causes of IgA nephropathy?== | ||
IgA is a protein that helps the body fight infections. IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease) occurs when too much of this protein is deposited in the kidneys. IgA builds up inside the small blood vessels of the kidney. Structures in the kidney called glomeruli become inflamed. | IgA is a protein that helps the body fight infections. IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease) occurs when too much of this protein is deposited in the kidneys. IgA builds up inside the small blood vessels of the kidney. Structures in the kidney called glomeruli become inflamed. | ||
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* Caucasian or Asian ethnicity | * Caucasian or Asian ethnicity | ||
==Who is at risk | ==Who is at highest risk?== | ||
[[IgA nephropathy]] can occur in persons of all ages, but most often affects [[males]] in their teens to late 30s. [[IgA nephropathy]] is a [[genetic disorder]], so anyone with a [[family history]] of the [[disorder]] is at risk. | [[IgA nephropathy]] can occur in persons of all ages, but most often affects [[males]] in their teens to late 30s. [[IgA nephropathy]] is a [[genetic disorder]], so anyone with a [[family history]] of the [[disorder]] is at risk. | ||
== | ==When to seek urgent medical care?== | ||
Call your [[health care provider]] if you have bloody [[urine]] or if your [[urine]] output decreases. | |||
==Diagnosis== | |||
IgA nephropathy usually is discovered after one or more episodes of dark or bloody urine in a person with no other symptoms of kidney disorder. | IgA nephropathy usually is discovered after one or more episodes of dark or bloody urine in a person with no other symptoms of kidney disorder. | ||
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* Kidney biopsy confirms the diagnosis | * Kidney biopsy confirms the diagnosis | ||
* Urine immunoelectrophoresis | * Urine immunoelectrophoresis | ||
==Treatment options== | ==Treatment options== | ||
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Eventually, many patients must be treated for chronic kidney disease. | Eventually, many patients must be treated for chronic kidney disease. | ||
==Where to find medical care for IgA nephropathy== | ==Where to find medical care for IgA nephropathy?== | ||
[http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|IgA nephropathy}}}}&sll=37.0625,-95.677068&sspn=65.008093,112.148438&ie=UTF8&ll=37.0625,-95.677068&spn=91.690419,149.414063&z=2&source=embed Directions to Hospitals Treating IgA nephropathy] | [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&q={{urlencode:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{{1}}}|IgA nephropathy}}}}&sll=37.0625,-95.677068&sspn=65.008093,112.148438&ie=UTF8&ll=37.0625,-95.677068&spn=91.690419,149.414063&z=2&source=embed Directions to Hospitals Treating IgA nephropathy] | ||
==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)== | ==What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?== | ||
IgA nephropathy progresses slowly. In many cases, it does not progress at all. High blood pressure, large quantities of protein in the urine, and increased BUN or creatinine levels (blood tests that reflect kidney functioning) indicate a higher risk for progression of the disorder. | IgA nephropathy progresses slowly. In many cases, it does not progress at all. High blood pressure, large quantities of protein in the urine, and increased BUN or creatinine levels (blood tests that reflect kidney functioning) indicate a higher risk for progression of the disorder. | ||
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[[Category:Disease state]] | |||
[[Category:Patient information]] | |||
[[Category:Mature chapter]] | |||
[[Category:Nephrology]] | |||
[[Category: Nephrology patient information]] | |||
[[Category:Genetic disorders]] | |||
[[Category:Genetic disorders patient information]] | |||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Revision as of 11:21, 1 August 2011
For the WikiDoc page for this topic, click here
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Erin E. Lord
Overview
Nephropathy refers to damage, disease , or other abnormalities of the kidney. IgA nephropathy is a kidney disorder in which antibodies to a protein called IgA build up in kidney tissue.
What are the symptoms of IgA nephropathy?
There may be no symptoms for many years.
Symptoms include:
- Bloody urine that starts during or soon after a respiratory infection
- Repeated episodes of dark or bloody urine
- Hand and feet swelling
- Symptoms of chronic kidney disease
What causes of IgA nephropathy?
IgA is a protein that helps the body fight infections. IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease) occurs when too much of this protein is deposited in the kidneys. IgA builds up inside the small blood vessels of the kidney. Structures in the kidney called glomeruli become inflamed.
IgA nephropathy (Berger's disease) is a form of mesangial proliferative nephritis.
The disorder can appear suddenly (acute), or progress slowly over many years (chronic glomerulonephritis).
Risk factors include:
- A personal or family history of IgA nephropathy or Henoch Schonlein purpura, a form of vasculitis that affects many parts of the body
- Caucasian or Asian ethnicity
Who is at highest risk?
IgA nephropathy can occur in persons of all ages, but most often affects males in their teens to late 30s. IgA nephropathy is a genetic disorder, so anyone with a family history of the disorder is at risk.
When to seek urgent medical care?
Call your health care provider if you have bloody urine or if your urine output decreases.
Diagnosis
IgA nephropathy usually is discovered after one or more episodes of dark or bloody urine in a person with no other symptoms of kidney disorder.
There are no specific changes seen during a physical examination. Occasionally, blood pressure may be high or swelling of the body may be present.
Tests include:
- Creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) to measure kidney function
- Urinalysis will show blood and protein in the urine
- Kidney biopsy confirms the diagnosis
- Urine immunoelectrophoresis
Treatment options
The goal of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent or delay chronic renal failure.
Medicines may be given to control high blood pressure and swelling (edema). Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are used. Controlling blood pressure is the most important measure to delay kidney damage.
Corticosteroids, other immunosuppressive drugs, and fish oil have also been used to treat this disorder.
Salt and fluids may be restricted to control swelling. A low to moderateprotein diet may be recommended in some cases.
Some people will need to take medicines to lower their cholesterol.
Eventually, many patients must be treated for chronic kidney disease.
Where to find medical care for IgA nephropathy?
Directions to Hospitals Treating IgA nephropathy
What to expect (Outlook/Prognosis)?
IgA nephropathy progresses slowly. In many cases, it does not progress at all. High blood pressure, large quantities of protein in the urine, and increased BUN or creatinine levels (blood tests that reflect kidney functioning) indicate a higher risk for progression of the disorder.
About 25% of adults with IgA nephropathy develop end-stage kidney failure within about 25 years.