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| {{SI}}
| | #redirect:[[Athlete's heart]] |
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| {{CMG}}
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| {{EH}}
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| ==Overview==
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| Athlete's heart is a term that refers to concentric and symmetric hypertrophy of the left ventricle that occurs in some athletes. It is important to distinguish Athlete's heart, which is not a true [[cardiomyopathy]] from [[hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy]] ([[HOCM)]], which is a true [[cardiomyopathy]] and places the athlete at risk of [[sudden death]].
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| ==Traditional Criteria for Distinguishing Athlete's Heart from HOCM==
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| Several criteria can be used to distinguish these two entities:
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| ===The degree of left ventricular wall thickness===
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| *In athlete's heart the LVH is symmetric and less than or = to 12 mm
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| *Rarely the LV thickness can be 14-16 mm and this makes it difficult to distinguish from HOCM. Athletes who engage in strength training may develop this pattern, ahtletes who engage in endurance training do not.
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| *If the degree of thickening is out of proportion to the type and intensity of exercise, this suggests HOCM
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| ===The pattern of left ventricular wall thickness===
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| *Athleste's heart is symmetric
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| *HOCM is more often asymmetric, but may in some cases be symmetric
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| ===The left ventricular cavity size===
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| *HOCM has smaller LV cavitary dimensions
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| ==Sophisticated Criteria and Testing to Distinguish Athlete's Heart from HOCM==
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| *Doppler mitral valve inflow patterns are diagnostic of [[HOCM]] 9prolonged isovolumic relaxation time, reduced peak E velocity, prolonged deceleration time, increased peak A velocity, and decreased E/A ratio as compared to normal controls or athletes)
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| *Tissue doppler echocardiography
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| * Electrocardiogram: HOCM is favored if there are prominent q waves, large increases in voltages, and deep T wave inversions
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| *The presence of an LV outflow tract gradient favors the diagnosis of [[HOCM]]
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| *A speckled pattern on MRI favors the diagnosis of [[HOCM]]
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| {{WH}}
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| {{WS}}
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| [[Category:Cardiology]]
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