Smoking (patient information)

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The Risks of Second Hand Smoke

• People exposed to second hand smoke increase their risk of heart disease 25-30%
• Exposure to second hand smoke increases your risk of developing lung disease, heart disease and certain types of cancer.
• Second hand smoke causes approximately 3,000 lung cancer deaths each year in nonsmokers.
• Approximately 46,000 nonsmokers who live with smokers and are exposed to second hand smoke on a regular basis die each year from heart disease.
• Even small doses of second hand smoke exposure pose an increased risk for heart disease. According to a Report of the Surgeon General in 2006 short term exposures to second hand smoke increase the stickiness of blood platelets, which increases the risk of myocardial infarction by damaging the lining of blood vessels and decreases blood flow through the coronary arteries.

Benefits of Smoking Bans: Communities That Don't Smoke

There is evidence that smoking bans instituted in certain cities have shown significant health effects in the general population:

• In the first 18 months after the town of Pueblo, Colorado enacted a smoking ban in 2003, hospital admissions for heart attacks dropped 27%. Admissions in neighboring towns without smoking bans showed no change.
• A 2007 study of the effect of the ban in Scotland showed that there was 17% year-on-year drop in heart attack admissions since the ban was introduced in March 2006. An analysis of the saliva of 39 non-smoking workers before and after the Scottish smoking ban came into force found a 75% fall in cotinine, which is a by-product of nicotine. The level of cotinine is a good indicator of how much cigarette smoke has entered the body.