Mitral regurgitation

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Overview

Mitral regurgitation (MR), a valvular heart disease also known as mitral insufficiency, is the abnormal leaking of blood through the mitral valve, from the left ventricle into the left atrium of the heart.

Diagnostic Studies

There are many diagnostic tests that have abnormal results in the presence of mitral regurgitation.

These tests suggest the diagnosis of mitral regurgitation and may indicate to the physician that further testing is warranted. For instance, the electrocardiogram (ECG) in long standing mitral regurgitation may show evidence of left atrial enlargement and left ventricular hypertrophy.

Atrial fibrillation may also be noted on the ECG in individuals with chronic mitral regurgitation.

The ECG may not show any of these finding in the setting of acute mitral regurgitation.

The quantification of mitral regurgitation usually employs imaging studies such as echocardiography or magnetic resonance angiography of the heart.

Chest x-ray | Echocardiography

Treatment

Surgical Options

Surgery Indications | Timing of surgery | ACC/AHA Guidelines