Aortic regurgitation epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Associate Editor-In-Chief: Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S.; Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S.

Prevalence

There are two broad underlying causes of aortic regurgitation:

1. Disease of the aortic valve itself and
2. Disease of the aortic root leading to dilation and regurgitation of the aortic valve

Aortic regurgitation secondary to dilation of the ascending aorta has overtaken valvular aortic disease as the most common cause of aortic regurgitation.

The prevalence of aortic insufficiency increases with age with higher severity in men than in women.

Developing Countries

In developing countries, rheumatic heart disease is the most common cause of aortic insufficiency and may present in second or third decade of life.

Developed Countries

In developedcountries where rheumatic heart disease is rare, aortic insufficiency may be due to bi-cuspid aortic valve disease or degenerative disease which may present in the fourth to sixth decade. Endocarditis and aortic dissection are other causes.