Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
Varun Kumar (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
| Line 3: | Line 3: | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}} | ||
Right ventricular outflow tract | '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' [[Varun Kumar]], M.B.B.S. | ||
==Epidemiology and demographics== | |||
Among cardiac malformations, valvular defects accoun for 25% of all malformations involving the myocardium <ref name="pmid15345668">{{cite journal| author=Armstrong EJ, Bischoff J| title=Heart valve development: endothelial cell signaling and differentiation. | journal=Circ Res | year= 2004 | volume= 95 | issue= 5 | pages= 459-70 | pmid=15345668 | doi=10.1161/01.RES.0000141146.95728.da | pmc=PMC2810618 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15345668 }} </ref>. | |||
[[Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction]] represents 8-12% of all congenital heart defects in children<ref>Keith JD, Rowe RD, Vlad P. Heart Disease in Infancy and Childhood. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Macmillan Co; 1978:4-6, 761-88</ref><ref>Nadas A. Pulmonary stenosis. In: Fyler DC, ed. Nadas' Pediatric Cardiology. Hanley & Belfus;1992:459-470.</ref> and 15% of all congenital heart defects in adults<ref name="pmid5082217">{{cite journal| author=Johnson LW, Grossman W, Dalen JE, Dexter L| title=Pulmonic stenosis in the adult. Long-term follow-up results. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 1972 | volume= 287 | issue= 23 | pages= 1159-63 | pmid=5082217 | doi=10.1056/NEJM197212072872301 | pmc= | url= }} </ref><ref name="pmid13182146">{{cite journal| author=CAMPBELL M| title=Simple pulmonary stenosis; pulmonary valvular stenosis with a closed ventricular septum. | journal=Br Heart J | year= 1954 | volume= 16 | issue= 3 | pages= 273-300 | pmid=13182146 | doi= | pmc=PMC479528 | url= }} </ref><ref name="pmid14886471">{{cite journal| author=ABRAHAMS DG, WOOD P| title=Pulmonary stenosis with normal aortic root. | journal=Br Heart J | year= 1951 | volume= 13 | issue= 4 | pages= 519-48 | pmid=14886471 | doi= | pmc=PMC503699 | url= }} </ref>. Isolated pulmonic valvular stenosis with intact ventricular septum is the second most common congenital cardiac defect. | |||
Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction secondary to [[rheumatic fever]] is rare and it seldom causes serious pulmonic valvular deformity. It usually may occur in association with the [[pulmonary hypertension]] that occurs at high altitudes. The prevalence of rheumatic disease in developed nations is steadily declining. While developing countries have higher rates of rheumatic fever and subsequently mitral stenosis with prevalence of more than 10 cases per 1,000 in India and 4-10 cases per 1,000 in China, Russia, Africa and Australia<ref name="pmid21386976">{{cite journal| author=Seckeler MD, Hoke TR| title=The worldwide epidemiology of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. | journal=Clin Epidemiol | year= 2011 | volume= 3 | issue= | pages= 67-84 | pmid=21386976 | doi=10.2147/CLEP.S12977 | pmc=PMC3046187 | url= }} </ref> | |||
===Race=== | |||
Prevalence of pulmonary stenosis does not differ significantly with race.<ref>Rao PS. Demographic features of tricuspid atresia. In: Rao PS, ed. Tricuspid Atresia. 2nd ed. Mt. Kisco, NY: Futura; 1992:23-37.</ref> | |||
===Sex=== | |||
Prevalence of right ventricular outflow tract is equal among males and females.<ref name="pmid5082217">{{cite journal| author=Johnson LW, Grossman W, Dalen JE, Dexter L| title=Pulmonic stenosis in the adult. Long-term follow-up results. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 1972 | volume= 287 | issue= 23 | pages= 1159-63 | pmid=5082217 | doi=10.1056/NEJM197212072872301 | pmc= | url= }} </ref> | |||
===Age=== | |||
Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction usually occurs in newborn. However, the age at presentation depends on the severity of the obstruction with many patients with mild obstruction presenting at adolescence or adulthood. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category: Cardiology]] | |||
{{WH}} | |||
{{WS}} | |||
Revision as of 20:19, 24 June 2011
|
Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction Microchapters |
|
Classification |
|---|
|
Differentiating Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction from other Diseases |
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Special Scenarios |
|
Case Studies |
|
Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction epidemiology and demographics On the Web |
|
FDA on Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction epidemiology and demographics |
|
CDC on Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction epidemiology and demographics |
|
Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction epidemiology and demographics in the news |
|
Blogs on Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction epidemiology and demographics |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Associate Editor-In-Chief: Varun Kumar, M.B.B.S.
Epidemiology and demographics
Among cardiac malformations, valvular defects accoun for 25% of all malformations involving the myocardium [1]. Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction represents 8-12% of all congenital heart defects in children[2][3] and 15% of all congenital heart defects in adults[4][5][6]. Isolated pulmonic valvular stenosis with intact ventricular septum is the second most common congenital cardiac defect.
Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction secondary to rheumatic fever is rare and it seldom causes serious pulmonic valvular deformity. It usually may occur in association with the pulmonary hypertension that occurs at high altitudes. The prevalence of rheumatic disease in developed nations is steadily declining. While developing countries have higher rates of rheumatic fever and subsequently mitral stenosis with prevalence of more than 10 cases per 1,000 in India and 4-10 cases per 1,000 in China, Russia, Africa and Australia[7]
Race
Prevalence of pulmonary stenosis does not differ significantly with race.[8]
Sex
Prevalence of right ventricular outflow tract is equal among males and females.[4]
Age
Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction usually occurs in newborn. However, the age at presentation depends on the severity of the obstruction with many patients with mild obstruction presenting at adolescence or adulthood.
References
- ↑ Armstrong EJ, Bischoff J (2004). "Heart valve development: endothelial cell signaling and differentiation". Circ Res. 95 (5): 459–70. doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000141146.95728.da. PMC 2810618. PMID 15345668.
- ↑ Keith JD, Rowe RD, Vlad P. Heart Disease in Infancy and Childhood. 3rd ed. New York, NY: Macmillan Co; 1978:4-6, 761-88
- ↑ Nadas A. Pulmonary stenosis. In: Fyler DC, ed. Nadas' Pediatric Cardiology. Hanley & Belfus;1992:459-470.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Johnson LW, Grossman W, Dalen JE, Dexter L (1972). "Pulmonic stenosis in the adult. Long-term follow-up results". N Engl J Med. 287 (23): 1159–63. doi:10.1056/NEJM197212072872301. PMID 5082217.
- ↑ CAMPBELL M (1954). "Simple pulmonary stenosis; pulmonary valvular stenosis with a closed ventricular septum". Br Heart J. 16 (3): 273–300. PMC 479528. PMID 13182146.
- ↑ ABRAHAMS DG, WOOD P (1951). "Pulmonary stenosis with normal aortic root". Br Heart J. 13 (4): 519–48. PMC 503699. PMID 14886471.
- ↑ Seckeler MD, Hoke TR (2011). "The worldwide epidemiology of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease". Clin Epidemiol. 3: 67–84. doi:10.2147/CLEP.S12977. PMC 3046187. PMID 21386976.
- ↑ Rao PS. Demographic features of tricuspid atresia. In: Rao PS, ed. Tricuspid Atresia. 2nd ed. Mt. Kisco, NY: Futura; 1992:23-37.