Atrial septal defect ostium secundum: Difference between revisions
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During fetal development, the septal wall may fail to fuse causing an atrial septal defect to arise. An ostium secundum atrial septal defect is one such type of malformation arising from the irregular development of the foramen ovale, septum secundum or septum primum. It is the most common type of atrial septal defect. | During fetal development, the septal wall may fail to fuse causing an atrial septal defect to arise. An ostium secundum atrial septal defect is one such type of malformation arising from the irregular development of the foramen ovale, septum secundum or septum primum. It is the most common type of atrial septal defect. | ||
== | == Image showing ostium secundum atrial septal defect== | ||
[[Image:Gray467.png|left|450px|Interior of dorsal half of [[heart]] of human [[embryo]] of about thirty-five days. (Septum secundum visible at center top.)]] | [[Image:Gray467.png|left|450px|Interior of dorsal half of [[heart]] of human [[embryo]] of about thirty-five days. (Septum secundum visible at center top.)]] | ||
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[[Image:Gray468.png|center|400px|Same heart as above, opened on right side. (Septum secundum visible in dark area at center top.)]] | [[Image:Gray468.png|center|400px|Same heart as above, opened on right side. (Septum secundum visible in dark area at center top.)]] | ||
==Ostium Secundum Atrial Septal Defect== | |||
* The '''septum secundum''' is '''semilunar''' in shape. It grows downward from the upper wall of the [[Atrium (heart)|atrium]] immediately to the right of the [[primary septum]] and [[foramen ovale]]. Shortly after birth it fuses with the [[primary septum]], and by this means the [[foramen ovale]] is closed, but sometimes the fusion is incomplete and the upper part of the foramen remains patent. The [[limbus fossae ovalis]] denotes the free margin of the septum secundum. The ostium secundum (or foramen secundum) is a foramen in the [[septum primum]]. It should not be confused with the [[Foramen ovale (heart)|foramen ovale]], which is a foramen in the [[septum secundum]]. It can arises from an '''enlarged foramen ovale''', '''inadequate growth of the septum secundum''', or '''excessive absorption of the septum. | * The '''septum secundum''' is '''semilunar''' in shape. It grows downward from the upper wall of the [[Atrium (heart)|atrium]] immediately to the right of the [[primary septum]] and [[foramen ovale]]. Shortly after birth it fuses with the [[primary septum]], and by this means the [[foramen ovale]] is closed, but sometimes the fusion is incomplete and the upper part of the foramen remains patent. The [[limbus fossae ovalis]] denotes the free margin of the septum secundum. The ostium secundum (or foramen secundum) is a foramen in the [[septum primum]]. It should not be confused with the [[Foramen ovale (heart)|foramen ovale]], which is a foramen in the [[septum secundum]]. It can arises from an '''enlarged foramen ovale''', '''inadequate growth of the septum secundum''', or '''excessive absorption of the septum. | ||
* Most individuals with an uncorrected secundum ASD don't have significant symptoms through early adulthood. About '''70% develop symptoms by the time they are in their 40s'''. | * Most individuals with an uncorrected secundum ASD don't have significant symptoms through early adulthood. About '''70% develop symptoms by the time they are in their 40s'''. | ||
* Many a times they occur sporadically. However, they have been found to occur with increased incidences in some genetic disorders like, the ''' | * Many a times they occur sporadically. However, they have been found to occur with increased incidences in some genetic disorders like, the '''Holt-Oram (heart-hand) syndrome''', '''[[Down syndrome]]''', [[Noonan syndrome]],'''Treacher Collins syndrome''', and the '''thrombocytopenia-absent radii (TAR) syndrome'''. | ||
* '''10 to 20 %'''of individuals with ostium secundum ASDs also have [[mitral valve prolapse]] .<!----><ref>{{cite journal | author = Leachman R, Cokkinos D, Cooley D | title = Association of ostium secundum atrial septal defects with mitral valve prolapse. | journal = Am J Cardiol | volume = 38 | issue = 2 | pages = 167-9 | year = 1976 | id = PMID 952260}}</ref> | * '''10 to 20 %'''of individuals with ostium secundum ASDs also have [[mitral valve prolapse]] .<!----><ref>{{cite journal | author = Leachman R, Cokkinos D, Cooley D | title = Association of ostium secundum atrial septal defects with mitral valve prolapse. | journal = Am J Cardiol | volume = 38 | issue = 2 | pages = 167-9 | year = 1976 | id = PMID 952260}}</ref> | ||
* It is the '''commonest''' type of [[atrial septal defect]]. | * It is the '''commonest''' type of [[atrial septal defect]]. | ||
Revision as of 20:43, 19 August 2011
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Atrial Septal Defect Microchapters | |
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Atrial septal defect ostium secundum On the Web | |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Atrial septal defect ostium secundum | |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Atrial septal defect ostium secundum | |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [[2]]; Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]; Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [[4]]
Overview
During fetal development, the septal wall may fail to fuse causing an atrial septal defect to arise. An ostium secundum atrial septal defect is one such type of malformation arising from the irregular development of the foramen ovale, septum secundum or septum primum. It is the most common type of atrial septal defect.
Image showing ostium secundum atrial septal defect
Ostium Secundum Atrial Septal Defect
- The septum secundum is semilunar in shape. It grows downward from the upper wall of the atrium immediately to the right of the primary septum and foramen ovale. Shortly after birth it fuses with the primary septum, and by this means the foramen ovale is closed, but sometimes the fusion is incomplete and the upper part of the foramen remains patent. The limbus fossae ovalis denotes the free margin of the septum secundum. The ostium secundum (or foramen secundum) is a foramen in the septum primum. It should not be confused with the foramen ovale, which is a foramen in the septum secundum. It can arises from an enlarged foramen ovale, inadequate growth of the septum secundum, or excessive absorption of the septum.
- Most individuals with an uncorrected secundum ASD don't have significant symptoms through early adulthood. About 70% develop symptoms by the time they are in their 40s.
- Many a times they occur sporadically. However, they have been found to occur with increased incidences in some genetic disorders like, the Holt-Oram (heart-hand) syndrome, Down syndrome, Noonan syndrome,Treacher Collins syndrome, and the thrombocytopenia-absent radii (TAR) syndrome.
- 10 to 20 %of individuals with ostium secundum ASDs also have mitral valve prolapse .[1]
- It is the commonest type of atrial septal defect.
- It accounts 60%-70% of all atrial septal defects.
- It comprises 6-10% of all congenital heart diseases.
Echocardiography and Ostium Secundum Defects
Video showing surgical repair of septum secundum
References
- ↑ Leachman R, Cokkinos D, Cooley D (1976). "Association of ostium secundum atrial septal defects with mitral valve prolapse". Am J Cardiol. 38 (2): 167–9. PMID 952260.