Atrial septal defect ostium primum echocardiography

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [[2]]; Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]; Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [[4]]

Overview

Echocardiography may be used as a diagnostic tool in the evaluation of an atrial septal defect. Common malformations of the septal wall include: ostium primum, ostium secundum, sinus venosus, and patent foramen ovale. Uncommonly, a defect may occur in the coronary sinus. Specific characteristics exist in echocardiography to identify these classifications of atrial septal defects.

Echocardiography and Ostium Primum Defects

Characteristics of ostium primum defects include:

• Seen best on an apical 4-chamber view.
• Occurs at the lower part of the septum near the valvular inlet.
• Associated with cleft mitral valve, ventricular septal defect, atriovalvular regurgitation, abnormal valvular leaflet insertions and other endocardial cushion defects.

1. It occurs from the failure of fusion of the septum primum with the endocardial cushion.
2. The endocardial cushion, is the portion of the heart where the atrial septum meets the ventricular septum and the mitral valve meets the tricuspid valve.
3. Due to this, these defects commonly occurs in association with other cardiac anomalies such as atrioventricular valves (the mitral valve and the tricuspid valve).

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Useful Links

Yale Congenital Heart Disease- ASD [5]