Atrial septal defect MRI

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [[2]]; Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]; Assistant Editor(s)-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [[4]]

Overview

Magnetic resonance imaging is a noninvasive imaging modality that can be used if echocardiographic findings are inconclusive. MRI helps in direct visualization of the defect and pulmonary veins. Also, right ventricular volume and function can be quantified, and shunt size can be estimated. However, it requires to be done in general anesthesia in small kids and could be a limiting factor when compared to echocardiography.

Magnetic resonance imaging

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used as a diagnostic modality in congenital heart diseases.

Magnetic resonance imaging can be helpful over other diagnostic tools in certain conditions like for e.g. Atrial septal defects associated with other anomalies like anomalous pulmonary veins.

Advantages of using MRI are:

• It can be used in cases where echocardiographic results are inconclusive.
• Helps in measuring heart volumes, blood flow and ventricular wall thickness.
• The magnetic resonance angiography helps in better visualization of heart vasculature
• Phase velocity mapping helps in measuring the ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow (Qp:Qs).

Disadvantages:

• For successful MRI procedure breath holding is required, which is sometimes difficult to achieve with small kids. Due to this, the procedure is done under general anesthesia in children.