Deep vein thrombosis risk factors

Editors-in-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. Associate Editor-In-Chief: Ujjwal Rastogi, MBBS [1]

Deep Vein Thrombosis Microchapters
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Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
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Assessment of Clinical Probability and Risk Scores
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Risk factors

The presence or an a absence of risk factors plays a major role in the assessment of the pretest probability of DVT. Furthermore,

• Short-term anticoagulation is reruired for transient risk factors.
• Long-term anticoagulation is given where the cause is unknown or chronic or presence of persistent risk factors.

Risk factors can be broadly classified in two categories, which are:

• Inherited thrombophilia: which include the following disorder
  • Factor V Leiden mutation
  • Prothrombin gene mutation
  • Protein S deficiency
  • Protein C deficiency
  • Antithrombin (AT) deficiency

• Acquired disorders
  • A previous history of DVT (most significant risk factor).
  • Injury to a deep vein from surgery, fractured bone, or other trauma.
  • Prolong Immobilization : It slow down the blood flow in a deep vein. This may occur after surgery, if you're ill and in bed for a long time, or if you're on a long flight.
  • Pregnancy and the first 6 weeks after giving birth.
  • Recent or ongoing treatment for cancer.
  • A central venous catheter. This is a tube placed in vein to allow easy access to the bloodstream for medical treatment.
  • Being older than 60 (although DVT can occur in any age group).
  • Being overweight or obese.