High triglyceride causes: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
===Genetics=== | |||
====Type I hyperlipoproteinemia==== | |||
* Genetic deficiency or dysfunction of enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL) or its cofactor, apo C-II. | |||
====Familial combined hyperlipidemia==== | |||
* Autosomal dominant disorder | |||
* Patients have either isolated triglyceride or LDL-c elevations or both. | |||
* Family history of premature coronary artery disease in 1 or more first-degree relatives | |||
* Family history for elevated triglycerides with or without elevated LDL-c levels. | |||
====Familial hypertriglyceridemia==== | |||
* Autosomal dominant trait | |||
* These patients and their families have isolated triglyceride elevations | |||
* Increased risk of premature coronary artery disease. | |||
*High [[carbohydrate]] or high glycemic diet | *High [[carbohydrate]] or high glycemic diet | ||
*[[Idiopathic]] (constitutional) | *[[Idiopathic]] (constitutional) | ||
| Line 11: | Line 23: | ||
*Excess [[alcoholic beverage|alcohol]] intake | *Excess [[alcoholic beverage|alcohol]] intake | ||
*[[renal failure]], [[Nephrotic syndrome]] | *[[renal failure]], [[Nephrotic syndrome]] | ||
*[[Lipoprotein lipase deficiency]] - Deficiency of this water soluble [[enzyme]], that hydrolyzes [[triglyceride]]s in [[lipoprotein]]s, leads to elevated levels of triglycerides in the blood. | *[[Lipoprotein lipase deficiency]] - Deficiency of this water soluble [[enzyme]], that hydrolyzes [[triglyceride]]s in [[lipoprotein]]s, leads to elevated levels of triglycerides in the blood. | ||
* [[Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency]] or [[Cholesteryl ester storage disease]] | * [[Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency]] or [[Cholesteryl ester storage disease]] | ||
Revision as of 00:17, 3 October 2011
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Causes
Genetics
Type I hyperlipoproteinemia
- Genetic deficiency or dysfunction of enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL) or its cofactor, apo C-II.
Familial combined hyperlipidemia
- Autosomal dominant disorder
- Patients have either isolated triglyceride or LDL-c elevations or both.
- Family history of premature coronary artery disease in 1 or more first-degree relatives
- Family history for elevated triglycerides with or without elevated LDL-c levels.
Familial hypertriglyceridemia
- Autosomal dominant trait
- These patients and their families have isolated triglyceride elevations
- Increased risk of premature coronary artery disease.
- High carbohydrate or high glycemic diet
- Idiopathic (constitutional)
- Obesity
- Diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance - it is one of the defined components of metabolic syndrome (along with central obesity, hypertension, and hyperglycemia)
- Excess alcohol intake
- renal failure, Nephrotic syndrome
- Lipoprotein lipase deficiency - Deficiency of this water soluble enzyme, that hydrolyzes triglycerides in lipoproteins, leads to elevated levels of triglycerides in the blood.
- Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency or Cholesteryl ester storage disease
- Certain medications e.g. isotretinoin, estrogen, hydrochlorothiazide diuretics, beta blockers, protease inhibitors
- Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid)
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
- Glycogen storage disease type 1.