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| '''Protamine sulfate''' is a drug that reverses the [[anticoagulant]] effects of [[heparin]] by binding to it.
| | #REDIRECT [[Protamine]] |
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| Protamine was formerly isolated from the sperm of various fish, but is now produced through [[recombinant]] biotechnology. It is a highly [[cationic]] peptide. It binds to heparin to form a stable ion pair which does not have anticoagulant activity. This complex is then removed and broken down by the [[reticuloendothelial system]].
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| ==Dosage==
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| Dosage for heparin reversal is 1mg Protamine sulfate i.v. for every 100 IU of active heparin. It causes significant [[histamine]] release resulting in [[hypotension]] and [[bronchoconstriction]], and also causes [[pulmonary hypertension]]. Infusion should be slow to minimise these side effects. In large doses, protamine itself has some anticoagulant effect.
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| ==Uses==
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| Protamine sulfate is usually administered to reverse the large dose of heparin administered during certain surgeries, especially [[heart surgery]]. It is also used in gene transfer and protein purification.
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| ==See also==
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| * [[Protamine]]
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| ==Reference==
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| * [http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/sigma/product%20information%20sheet/p4020pis.pdf Sigma]
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| ==External links==
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| * {{MeshName|Protamine+Sulfate}}
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| [[Category:Antidotes]]
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