Octreotide: Difference between revisions

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Octreotide
Clinical data
Pregnancy; category	US: B (No risk in non-human studies) ; ;
Routes of; administration	Intramuscular, intravenous
ATC code	H01CB02 (WHO) ;
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	100%; I.M: 60% to 63% of subcutaneous dose
Protein binding	65%
Metabolism	Hepatic
Elimination half-life	1.7-1.9 hours
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (4R,7S,10S,13R,16S,19R)-10-(4-aminobutyl)-19-; [[(2R)-2-amino-3-phenyl-propanoyl]amino]-16-; benzyl-N-[(2R,3R)-1,3-dihydroxybutan-2-yl]-7-; (1-hydroxyethyl)-13-(1H-indol-3-ylmethyl)-6,9,12,; 15,18-pentaoxo-1,2-dithia-5,8,11,14,17-; pentazacycloicosane-4-carboxamide;
CAS Number	83150-76-9;
PubChem CID	54373;
DrugBank	BTD00088;
E number	{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard	{{#property:P2566}}Lua error in Module:EditAtWikidata at line 36: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C49H66N10O10S2
Molar mass	1019.24 g/mol

VisualWikitext

Revision as of 14:27, 20 August 2012

Octreotide (brand name Sandostatin, Novartis Pharmaceuticals) is an octapeptide that mimics natural somatostatin pharmacologically, though it is a more potent inhibitor of growth hormone, glucagon, and insulin than the natural hormone. It was first synthesized in 1979 by the chemist Wilfried Bauer.

Effects

Somatostatin has numerous physiological effects:

It inhibits secretion of many hormones, such as gastrin, cholecystokinin, glucagon, growth hormone, insulin, secretin, pancreatic polypeptide, TSH, and vasoactive intestinal peptide.
It reduces secretion of fluids by the intestine and pancreas.
It reduces gastrointestinal motility and inhibits contraction of the gallbladder.
It inhibits the secretion of certain hormones from the anterior pituitary.

Uses

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the usage of a salt form of this peptide, octreotide acetate, as an injectable depot formulation for the treatment of acromegaly, the treatment of diarrhea and flushing episodes associated with carcinoid syndrome, and treatment of diarrhea in patients with vasoactive intestinal peptide-secreting tumors (VIPomas).

Octreotide has also been used off-label for the treatment of severe, refractory diarrhea from other causes. It is used in toxicology for the treatment of prolonged recurrent hypoglycemia after sulfonylurea overdose.

Octreotide has also been used with varying degrees of success in infants with nesidioblastosis to help decrease insulin hypersecretion.

In patients with suspected esophageal varices, octreotide can be given to help decrease bleeding.

Octreotide has been investigated for patients with pain from chronic pancreatitis.^[1]

References

↑ Uhl W, Anghelacopoulos SE, Friess H, Büchler MW (1999). "The role of octreotide and somatostatin in acute and chronic pancreatitis". Digestion. 60 Suppl 2: 23–31. PMID 10207228.

Katzung, Bertram G. (ed.), ed. (2004). Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. Stamford, Conn: Lange Medical Books/McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-07-141092-9.

External links

Template:Pituitary and hypothalamic hormones and analogues

de:Octreotid

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[pmid10207228-1] Uhl W, Anghelacopoulos SE, Friess H, Büchler MW (1999). "The role of octreotide and somatostatin in acute and chronic pancreatitis". Digestion. 60 Suppl 2: 23–31. PMID 10207228.

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