High triglyceride causes: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Hypertriglyceridemia can occur due to various causes, including genetics, familial, metabolic and drugs | [[Hypertriglyceridemia]] can occur due to various causes, including genetics, familial, metabolic and drugs | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
===Idiopathic (constitutional)=== | |||
===Genetics <ref name="pmid19355858">{{cite journal| author=Kolovou GD, Anagnostopoulou KK, Kostakou PM, Bilianou H, Mikhailidis DP| title=Primary and secondary hypertriglyceridaemia. | journal=Curr Drug Targets | year= 2009 | volume= 10 | issue= 4 | pages= 336-43 | pmid=19355858 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>=== | ===Genetics <ref name="pmid19355858">{{cite journal| author=Kolovou GD, Anagnostopoulou KK, Kostakou PM, Bilianou H, Mikhailidis DP| title=Primary and secondary hypertriglyceridaemia. | journal=Curr Drug Targets | year= 2009 | volume= 10 | issue= 4 | pages= 336-43 | pmid=19355858 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>=== | ||
====Type I hyperlipoproteinemia==== | ====Type I hyperlipoproteinemia==== | ||
| Line 20: | Line 21: | ||
* These patients and their families have isolated triglyceride elevations | * These patients and their families have isolated triglyceride elevations | ||
* Increased risk of premature coronary artery disease. | * Increased risk of premature coronary artery disease. | ||
===Metabolic=== | ===Metabolic=== | ||
* [[Diabetes mellitus]] and [[insulin resistance]] | * [[Diabetes mellitus]] and [[insulin resistance]] | ||
* [[Obesity]] | * [[Obesity]] | ||
* [[Hypothyroidism]] | * [[Hypothyroidism]] | ||
* [[Nephrotic syndrome]] | * [[Nephrotic syndrome]] | ||
* [[Renal failure]] | |||
===Drugs=== | ===Drugs=== | ||
* [[Diuretics]] (high dose [[thiazide]] or [[chlorthalidone]]) | * [[Diuretics]] (high dose [[thiazide]] or [[chlorthalidone]]) | ||
* [[Beta-blockers]] (high doses) | * [[Beta-blockers]] (high doses) | ||
* [[Estrogen replacement therapy]] | * [[Estrogen replacement therapy]] | ||
* [[Oral contraceptive pills]] (high estrogen ) | * [[Oral contraceptive pills]] (high [[estrogen]] ) | ||
* [[Tamoxifen]] | * [[Tamoxifen]] | ||
* [[Glucocorticoids]] | * [[Glucocorticoids]] | ||
| Line 40: | Line 41: | ||
* [[Pregnancy]] | * [[Pregnancy]] | ||
* [[Acute pancreatitis]] | * [[Acute pancreatitis]] | ||
* High-carbohydrate or high glycemic | * High-carbohydrate or [[high glycemic index]] | ||
* [[Systemic Lupus Erythematosus]] | * [[Systemic Lupus Erythematosus]] | ||
* [[Glycogen storage disease]] type 1 | * [[Glycogen storage disease]] type 1 | ||
* [[Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency]] or [[Cholesteryl ester storage disease]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 00:54, 3 October 2011
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Hypertriglyceridemia can occur due to various causes, including genetics, familial, metabolic and drugs
Causes
Idiopathic (constitutional)
Genetics [1]
Type I hyperlipoproteinemia
- Genetic deficiency or dysfunction of enzyme lipoprotein lipase (LPL)
- Deficiency of apo C-II, that acts as a cofactor of LPL
- Insulin deficiency or dysfunction in diabetes type 1 and 2 can also cause this disorder as LPL requires insulin for its full function.
Familial combined hyperlipidemia
- Autosomal dominant disorder
- Patients have either isolated triglyceride or LDL-c elevations or both.
- Family history of premature coronary artery disease in 1 or more first-degree relatives
- Family history for elevated triglycerides with or without elevated LDL-c levels.
Familial hypertriglyceridemia
- Autosomal dominant trait
- These patients and their families have isolated triglyceride elevations
- Increased risk of premature coronary artery disease.
Metabolic
Drugs
- Diuretics (high dose thiazide or chlorthalidone)
- Beta-blockers (high doses)
- Estrogen replacement therapy
- Oral contraceptive pills (high estrogen )
- Tamoxifen
- Glucocorticoids
- Oral isotretinoin
- Antiretroviral therapy (protease inhibitors, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors)
- Atypical antipsychotics
Miscellaneous
- Alcohol
- Pregnancy
- Acute pancreatitis
- High-carbohydrate or high glycemic index
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
- Glycogen storage disease type 1
- Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency or Cholesteryl ester storage disease