Herpes simplex physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1], Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Overview

On physical examination multiple, round, superficial oral ulcers accompanied by acute gingivitis can be seen. Also lymphadenopathy, gingivitis and tonsillitis may accompany the primary lesions .

Physical examination

1) Blisters or Ulcers

• Site - In orofacial herpes/herpes simplex 1 the ulcers are commonly found on lips, gums, throat, front of tongue, inside of the cheeks and roof of the mouth. Whereas, these occur around genitalia in cases of genital herpes/herpes simplex 2.
• Size - Generally small (2-5 mm)
• Shape - Round
• The lesions may occur in groups/crop

2) Lymphadenopathy (cervical, Inguinal glands)

3) Gingivitis and tonsillitis in herpes simplex 1

The following image is an example of how the Herpes simplex virus can cause nail disease.

Image shown below is courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology

• 
  Herpes simplex caused nail disease.