Trichinosis overview: Difference between revisions
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== | ==Overview== | ||
'''Trichinosis''', also called '''trichinellosis''', or '''trichiniasis''', is a [[parasitic disease]] caused by eating raw or undercooked pork and wild game products infected with the [[larva]]e of a species of [[roundworm]] ''[[Trichinella spiralis]]'', commonly called the trichina worm. The few cases in the United States are mostly the result of eating undercooked game or home reared pigs. It is most common in the developing world and where pigs are commonly fed raw garbage. | '''Trichinosis''', also called '''trichinellosis''', or '''trichiniasis''', is a [[parasitic disease]] caused by eating raw or undercooked pork and wild game products infected with the [[larva]]e of a species of [[roundworm]] ''[[Trichinella spiralis]]'', commonly called the trichina worm. The few cases in the United States are mostly the result of eating undercooked game or home reared pigs. It is most common in the developing world and where pigs are commonly fed raw garbage. | ||
Revision as of 15:53, 7 February 2012
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Trichinosis Microchapters |
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Trichinosis overview On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Trichinosis overview |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Trichinosis, also called trichinellosis, or trichiniasis, is a parasitic disease caused by eating raw or undercooked pork and wild game products infected with the larvae of a species of roundworm Trichinella spiralis, commonly called the trichina worm. The few cases in the United States are mostly the result of eating undercooked game or home reared pigs. It is most common in the developing world and where pigs are commonly fed raw garbage.
Risk Factors
History & Symptoms
Trichinosis initially involves the intestines. Within 1-2 days of contagion, manifestations such as nausea, heartburn, dyspepsia, and diarrhea; the severity of symptoms depends on the number of worms ingested. Later on, as the worms encyst in different parts of the human body, other manifestations may occur, such as headache, fever, chills, cough, eye swelling, joint pain and muscle pain, petechiae, and itching.
Most symptoms subside within a few months. The most dangerous case is worms entering the central nervous system. They cannot survive there, but they may cause enough damage to produce serious neurological deficits (such as ataxia or respiratory paralysis), and even death. Infestation of the heart may also lead to death.
Life cycle
The worm can infect any species of mammal that consumes its encysted larval stages. When an animal eats meat that contains infective Trichinella cysts, the acid in the stomach dissolves the hard covering of the cyst and releases the worms. The worms pass into the small intestine and, in 1–2 days, become mature. After mating, adult females produce larvae, which break through the intestinal wall and travel through the lymphatic system to the circulatory system to find a suitable cell. Larvae can penetrate any cell, but can only survive in skeletal muscle. Within a muscle cell, the worms curl up and direct the cell functioning much as a virus does. The cell is now called a nurse cell. Soon, a net of blood vessels surround the nurse cell, providing added nutrition for the larva inside.