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| {{Meningococcemia}}
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| {{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}
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| ==Overview==
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| ==Laboratory Findings==
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| === Electrolyte and Biomarker Studies ===
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| * [[Blood culture]]s were positive in 41.4% of 400 cultures in one series of patients with [[meningococcal disease]].
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| * [[Cerebrospinal fluid]] (CSF) culture and gram stain were positive in 94% of patients in the same series.
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| * The ability to culture the [[meningococcus]] from [[CSF]] will not be substantially reduced if the cultures are obtained within one hour of antibiotic administration.
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| * One series revealed a median [[leukocyte]] count of approximately 1200 in [[CSF]] (range 10 to 65,000/mm). Approximately 75% had a [[CSF]] [[glucose]] level less than 40 mg/100 mL. [[CSF]] [[protein]] ranged from 25 to over 800 mg/100 mL with a median value of 150 mg/100 mL.
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| * [[Polymerase chain reaction]] ([[PCR]]) has been shown in a study with 54 samples to be 91% sensitive and specific, particularly useful when cultures may be negative due to prior antibiotic administration.
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| * Latex agglutination can detect A, B, C, Y, and W-135 though the sensitivity of detecting serogroup B is low.
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| ===HUSSEIN AND SHAFRAN CANADIAN REVIEW OF BACTERIAL MENINGITIS===
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| {|
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| |-style="background:silver; color:black"
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| | '''Cloudy CSF''' || '''78%'''
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| |- style="background:silver; color:black"
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| | '''CSF >= 1000 WBC/mm3''' || '''56%'''
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| |- style="background:silver; color:black"
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| | '''CSF >= 10,000 WBC/mm3''' || '''14%'''
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| |-style="background:silver; color:black"
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| | '''CSF Neutrophil predominance''' || '''90%'''
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| |-style="background:silver; color:black"
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| | '''CSF Glucose =< 50 mg/deL''' || '''70%
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| |-style="background:silver; color:black"
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| | '''CSF Protein > 200 mg/dL''' || '''66%'''
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| |-style="background:silver; color:black"
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| | '''Gram Stain without bacteria''' || '''53%'''
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| |-style="background:silver; color:black"
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| | '''Gram Stain Neg --> Culture Pos''' || '''47%'''
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| |}
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist|2}}
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| {{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
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| {{WikiDoc Sources}}
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| [[Category:Disease]]
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| [[Category:Infectious disease]]
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