Hepatitis C screening: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 03:25, 28 July 2014

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Not everyone should be screened for HCV. Persons living in regions highly prevalent with HCV and who have engaged in high risk should be screened. Screening by serological testing, confirmed by HCV RNA or NAT is required. Additionally, screening for other bloodborne infections, such as HBV and HIV, is required once diagnosis is made.

Screening

Screening for HCV is performed by HCV serological testing.<ref name=WHO HCV Screening>"World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines for the Screening, Care, and Treatment of Persons with Hepatitis C Infection" (PDF). World Health Organization. WHO. April 2014. Retrieved July 27 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help) In cases who test positive, a confirmation for chronic HCV status is required by nucleic acid amplification (NAT) or HCV RNA. Screening for other infections, such as HBV and HIV, is also indicated when patients are found to be HCV-positive. In some endemic areas and high risk populations, screening for tuberculosis (TB) is also warranted.

Generally, the World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines for the Screening, Care, and Treatment of Persons with Hepatitis C Infection published on April 2014 recommends HCV screening for all persons living in regions of high HCV prevalence with positive history for risk exposure and behavior.

Screening includes:

Persons who received medical or dental interventions in health-care settings where infection control practices are substandard
Persons who received blood transfusions prior to the time when serological testing of blood donors for HCV was initiated
Persons who received blood transfusions in countries where serological testing of blood donations for HCV is not routinely performed
Persons who inject drugs (PWID)
Persons who have had tattoos, body piercings, or scarification procedures done where infection control practices are substandard
Persons with HIV infection
Persons who have used intranasal drugs
Prisoners and previously incarcerated persons

References

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 {{#widget:SchemaSnippet}}
-Individuals should be tested for Hepatitis C if any of the following are true:
+{{CMG}}
-*If current or former intravenous drug user, even if injected only once or many years ago.
-*If treated for a blood clotting problem before 1987.
-*If received a blood transfusion or organ transplant before July 1992.
-*If on long-term [[hemodialysis]] treatment.
-*Presence of abnormal liver tests or liver disease.
-*If the individual works in health care or public safety and were exposed to blood through a needlestick or other sharp object injury.
-*If infected with HIV.
-Pregnant woman getting tested for Hepatitis C is not part of routine prenatal care. However, if she has risk factors for Hepatitis C virus infection, she should speak with her doctor about getting tested.
+==Overview==
+Not everyone should be screened for HCV. Persons living in regions highly prevalent with HCV and who have engaged in high risk should be screened. Screening by serological testing, confirmed by HCV RNA or NAT is required. Additionally, screening for other bloodborne infections, such as HBV and HIV, is required once diagnosis is made.
-==Recommendations for Screening: AASLD Practice Guidelines 2009<ref name="pmid19554546">{{cite journal |author=Swan T, Curry J |title=Comment on the updated AASLD practice guidelines for the diagnosis, management, and treatment of hepatitis C: treating active drug users |journal=[[Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.)]] |volume=50 |issue=1 |pages=323–4; author reply 324–5 |year=2009 |month=July |pmid=19554546 |doi=10.1002/hep.23077 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.23077 |accessdate=2012-02-21}}</ref>==
+==Screening==
-{{cquote|
+Screening for HCV is performed by HCV [[serological testing]].<ref name=WHO HCV Screening>{{cite web |url=http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/111747/1/9789241548755_eng.pdf?ua=1 |title=World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines for the Screening, Care, and Treatment of Persons with Hepatitis C Infection|date=April 2014 |website=World Health Organization|publisher=WHO |accessdate=July 27 2014}} In cases who test positive, a confirmation for chronic HCV status is required by [[nucleic acid amplification]] ([[NAT]]) or [[HCV RNA]]. Screening for other infections, such as [[HBV]] and [[HIV]], is also indicated when patients are found to be HCV-positive. In some endemic areas and high risk populations, screening for [[tuberculosis]] ([[TB]]) is also warranted.
-'''1.''' As part of a comprehensive health evaluation, all persons should be screened for behaviors that place them at high risk for HCV infection. (Class I, level B).
-'''2.''' Persons who are at risk should be tested for the presence of HCV infection (Class I, level B).}}
+Generally, the [[World Health Organization]] (WHO) Guidelines for the Screening, Care, and Treatment of Persons with Hepatitis C Infection published on April 2014 recommends HCV screening for all persons living in regions of high HCV prevalence with positive history for risk exposure and behavior.
+Screening includes:
+*Persons who received medical or dental interventions in health-care settings where infection control practices are substandard
+*Persons who received [[blood transfusions]] prior to the time when serological testing of blood donors for HCV was initiated
+*Persons who received [[blood transfusions]] in countries where serological testing of blood donations for HCV is not routinely performed
+*Persons who inject drugs (PWID)
+*Persons who have had tattoos, body piercings, or scarification procedures done where infection control practices are substandard
+*Persons with [[HIV]] infection
+*Persons who have used intranasal drugs
+*Prisoners and previously incarcerated persons
 ==References==
 {{Reflist|2}}

Hepatitis C screening: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 03:25, 28 July 2014

Overview

Screening

References

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