Aortic sclerosis risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
*Based on a large cohort study,<ref name="pmid9060903">{{cite journal |author=Stewart BF, Siscovick D, Lind BK, Gardin JM, Gottdiener JS, Smith VE, Kitzman DW, Otto CM |title=Clinical factors associated with calcific aortic valve disease. Cardiovascular Health Study |journal=[[Journal of the American College of Cardiology]] |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=630–4 |year=1997 |month=March |pmid=9060903 |doi= |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0735109796005633 |accessdate=2012-04-10}}</ref> independent clinical factors associated with aortic sclerosis include: | *Based on a large cohort study,<ref name="pmid9060903">{{cite journal |author=Stewart BF, Siscovick D, Lind BK, Gardin JM, Gottdiener JS, Smith VE, Kitzman DW, Otto CM |title=Clinical factors associated with calcific aortic valve disease. Cardiovascular Health Study |journal=[[Journal of the American College of Cardiology]] |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=630–4 |year=1997 |month=March |pmid=9060903 |doi= |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0735109796005633 |accessdate=2012-04-10}}</ref> '''''independent clinical factors''''' associated with aortic sclerosis include: | ||
:*Age (twofold increased risk for each 10-year increase in age), | :*Age (twofold increased risk for each 10-year increase in age), | ||
:*Male gender (twofold excess risk), | :*Male gender (twofold excess risk), | ||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
:*High lipoprotein(a) and [[LDL|low density lipoprotein cholesterol]] levels. | :*High lipoprotein(a) and [[LDL|low density lipoprotein cholesterol]] levels. | ||
*In addition to the presence of coronary risk factors, the presence of multiple calcium deposits in the mitral annulus, aortic valve or aortic root has shown to be a predictable marker of [[coronary artery disease]] among the elderly population.<ref name="pmid11738305">{{cite journal |author=Jeon DS, Atar S, Brasch AV, Luo H, Mirocha J, Naqvi TZ, Kraus R, Berman DS, Siegel RJ |title=Association of mitral annulus calcification, aortic valve sclerosis and aortic root calcification with abnormal myocardial perfusion single photon emission tomography in subjects age < or &#61;65 years old |journal=[[Journal of the American College of Cardiology]] |volume=38 |issue=7 |pages=1988–93 |year=2001 |month=December |pmid=11738305 |doi= |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0735109701016783 |accessdate=2012-04-10}}</ref><ref name="pmid12505585">{{cite journal |author=Faggiano P, Antonini-Canterin F, Erlicher A, Romeo C, Cervesato E, Pavan D, Piazza R, Huang G, Nicolosi GL |title=Progression of aortic valve sclerosis to aortic stenosis |journal=[[The American Journal of Cardiology]] |volume=91 |issue=1 |pages=99–101 |year=2003 |month=January |pmid=12505585 |doi= |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002914902030114 |accessdate=2012-04-10}}</ref> | *In addition to the presence of coronary risk factors, the presence of '''''multiple calcium deposits in the mitral annulus''''', aortic valve or aortic root has shown to be a predictable marker of [[coronary artery disease]] among the elderly population.<ref name="pmid11738305">{{cite journal |author=Jeon DS, Atar S, Brasch AV, Luo H, Mirocha J, Naqvi TZ, Kraus R, Berman DS, Siegel RJ |title=Association of mitral annulus calcification, aortic valve sclerosis and aortic root calcification with abnormal myocardial perfusion single photon emission tomography in subjects age < or &#61;65 years old |journal=[[Journal of the American College of Cardiology]] |volume=38 |issue=7 |pages=1988–93 |year=2001 |month=December |pmid=11738305 |doi= |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0735109701016783 |accessdate=2012-04-10}}</ref><ref name="pmid12505585">{{cite journal |author=Faggiano P, Antonini-Canterin F, Erlicher A, Romeo C, Cervesato E, Pavan D, Piazza R, Huang G, Nicolosi GL |title=Progression of aortic valve sclerosis to aortic stenosis |journal=[[The American Journal of Cardiology]] |volume=91 |issue=1 |pages=99–101 |year=2003 |month=January |pmid=12505585 |doi= |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002914902030114 |accessdate=2012-04-10}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 22:06, 10 April 2012
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
The presence of aortic sclerosis has been suggested as a marker of increased cardiovascular risk, including increased mortality. However, it remains unclear whether aortic sclerosis is independently associated with risk or merely a marker of coexistent cardiovascular risk factors.[1]
Risk Factors
- Based on a large cohort study,[2] independent clinical factors associated with aortic sclerosis include:
- Age (twofold increased risk for each 10-year increase in age),
- Male gender (twofold excess risk),
- Present smoking (35% increase in risk),
- History of hypertension (20% increase in risk),
- Height,
- High lipoprotein(a) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.
- In addition to the presence of coronary risk factors, the presence of multiple calcium deposits in the mitral annulus, aortic valve or aortic root has shown to be a predictable marker of coronary artery disease among the elderly population.[3][4]
References
- ↑ Gharacholou SM, Karon BL, Shub C, Pellikka PA (2011). "Aortic valve sclerosis and clinical outcomes: moving toward a definition". The American Journal of Medicine. 124 (2): 103–10. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.10.012. PMID 21295189. Retrieved 2012-04-10. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Stewart BF, Siscovick D, Lind BK, Gardin JM, Gottdiener JS, Smith VE, Kitzman DW, Otto CM (1997). "Clinical factors associated with calcific aortic valve disease. Cardiovascular Health Study". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 29 (3): 630–4. PMID 9060903. Retrieved 2012-04-10. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Jeon DS, Atar S, Brasch AV, Luo H, Mirocha J, Naqvi TZ, Kraus R, Berman DS, Siegel RJ (2001). "Association of mitral annulus calcification, aortic valve sclerosis and aortic root calcification with abnormal myocardial perfusion single photon emission tomography in subjects age < or =65 years old". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 38 (7): 1988–93. PMID 11738305. Retrieved 2012-04-10. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Faggiano P, Antonini-Canterin F, Erlicher A, Romeo C, Cervesato E, Pavan D, Piazza R, Huang G, Nicolosi GL (2003). "Progression of aortic valve sclerosis to aortic stenosis". The American Journal of Cardiology. 91 (1): 99–101. PMID 12505585. Retrieved 2012-04-10. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)