Tuberculosis chest x ray: Difference between revisions
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===Fibrosis=== | ===Fibrosis=== | ||
* Defined as opaque linear streak radiating towards the hilum of the lung. | * Defined as opaque linear streak radiating towards the hilum of the lung. | ||
* Compared to infiltrations, fibrotic changes are more opaque, well defined and may lead to mediastinal shifting or diaphragm pulling toward the affected lesions. | * Compared to infiltrations, fibrotic changes are more opaque, well defined and may lead to mediastinal shifting or diaphragm pulling toward the affected lesions. A fibrotic lesion near to diaphragm may cause tenting of the diaphragm. | ||
* Compensatory [[emphysema]] in cases with extensive fibrosis may be seen. | |||
* Lung volume reduction may be seen. | * Lung volume reduction may be seen. | ||
==Advanced lesions in pulmonary tuberculosis== | |||
* A combination of all the lesions may be seen commonly termed as fibrocavitatory lesions | |||
Revision as of 16:07, 31 May 2012
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Tuberculosis Microchapters |
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Tuberculosis chest x ray On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Tuberculosis chest x ray |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Tuberculosis chest x ray |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Assistant Editor-in-Chief: Somal Khan
Overview
Tuberculosis, or TB is a bacterial infection that kills 3 million people worldwide, more people than any other infection in the world. Approximately one-third of the world is infected, and 15 million people in the US. Active tuberculosis kills 60% of the time if not treated, but treatment cures 90% of patients. Most people are infected with TB have latent TB. This means that the bacteria is controlled by the body's immune system. People with latent TB do not have symptoms and cannot transmit TB to other people. However, later if the infected person has a weakened immune system (AIDS, young children, elderly, sick with other diseases, etc.), the bacteria can break out leading to active TB, or TB disease.
Chest Xray findings in pulmonary tuberculosis
- A posterior-anterior chest radiograph is used to detect chest abnormalities. Lesions may appear anywhere in the lungs and may differ in size, shape, density, and cavitation. These abnormalities may suggest TB, but cannot be used to definitively diagnose TB. However, a chest radiograph may be used to rule out the possibility of pulmonary TB in a person who has had a positive reaction to a TST or QFT-G and no symptoms of disease.
Common findings of early tuberculosis
Infiltration
- It is soft, nodular cotton like fluffy tiny opacities that merge into each other
- Most common location for early lesions are the apico-posterior part (behind the outer borders of clavicle)
Cavity
- Circular, smooth, well defined, thin (acute) or thick walled (chronic), radiolucent area with no air-fluid levels with surrounding infiltrations.
- Commonly seen in the upper zone. Atypical cavities may be seen in lower zones. The common conditions in which lower zone cavities can be found are diabetes and HIV infections
- Sometimes a radiolucent cavity may be seen within the tuberculosis cavity and is due to the presence of the fungal balls (commonly aspergillosis) within the cavities
Common finding in healing tuberculosis
Fibrosis
- Defined as opaque linear streak radiating towards the hilum of the lung.
- Compared to infiltrations, fibrotic changes are more opaque, well defined and may lead to mediastinal shifting or diaphragm pulling toward the affected lesions. A fibrotic lesion near to diaphragm may cause tenting of the diaphragm.
- Compensatory emphysema in cases with extensive fibrosis may be seen.
- Lung volume reduction may be seen.
Advanced lesions in pulmonary tuberculosis
- A combination of all the lesions may be seen commonly termed as fibrocavitatory lesions
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Chest x-ray: Disseminated Tuberculosis -
Chest x-ray: Disseminated Tuberculosis
Video showing chest xray findings in pulmonary tuberculosis
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Video showing chest xray in miliary tuberculosis
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