Confusion medical therapy

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

Complete evaluation of the person in emergency department has to be done and appropriate treatment is administered. Every confused individual should be administered with glucose and thiamine, followed by naloxone and flumazenil. Treatment must be started awaiting results. Early treatment can save the individual from long term effects.

Medical Therapy

Treatment of confusion starts from the ED itself. Initial assessment of airway, breathing and circulation is important and they have to managed.

Treatment most often depends on the suspected cause that is causing confusion.

* Alcoholics are primarily treated with glucose and thiamine.

* Dehydrated individuals get IV saline infusions.

* Electrolyte abnormalities are treated adequately.

* Renal and hepatic failure if present have to be consulted for expert advice for further management.

* Close monitoring of patients is warranted who developed symptoms after hospital admissions.

* Required consults are ordered like neurology, psychiatry, infectious disease.

* If infections are suspected empiric therapy has to be administered and results are awaited.

* Suspicion of drug overdose or abuse , administer antagonists.

* In case of poisoning with sleeping pills , flumazenil can be use to reverse the effects.